Thread

[PATCH v13 2/2] Add additional jsonpath string methods

Florents Tselai <florents.tselai@gmail.com> — 2025-07-11T18:04:28Z

Add the following jsonpath methods:

*   l/r/btrim()
*   lower(), upper()
*   initcap()
*   replace()
*   split_part()

Each simply dispatches to the standard string processing functions.
These depend on the locale, but since it's set at `initdb`, they can be
considered immutable and therefore allowed in any jsonpath expression.
---
 doc/src/sgml/func/func-json.sgml             | 140 +++++++
 src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath.c             | 117 +++++-
 src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c        | 207 ++++++++++
 src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_gram.y        |  28 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_scan.l        |   8 +
 src/include/utils/jsonpath.h                 |   8 +
 src/test/regress/expected/jsonb_jsonpath.out | 399 +++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/regress/expected/jsonpath.out       | 137 +++++++
 src/test/regress/sql/jsonb_jsonpath.sql      | 109 +++++
 src/test/regress/sql/jsonpath.sql            |  31 ++
 10 files changed, 1179 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/func/func-json.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/func/func-json.sgml
index b9316ba0ee5..49031820c4b 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/func/func-json.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/func/func-json.sgml
@@ -2781,6 +2781,146 @@ ERROR:  jsonpath member accessor can only be applied to an object
         <returnvalue>[{"id": 0, "key": "x", "value": "20"}, {"id": 0, "key": "y", "value": 32}]</returnvalue>
        </para></entry>
       </row>
+
+      <row>
+       <entry role="func_table_entry"><para role="func_signature">
+        <replaceable>string</replaceable> <literal>.</literal> <literal>lower()</literal>
+        <returnvalue><replaceable>string</replaceable></returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        String converted to all lower case according to the rules of the database's locale.
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query('"TOM"', '$.lower()')</literal>
+        <returnvalue>"tom"</returnvalue>
+       </para></entry>
+      </row>
+
+      <row>
+       <entry role="func_table_entry"><para role="func_signature">
+        <replaceable>string</replaceable> <literal>.</literal> <literal>upper()</literal>
+        <returnvalue><replaceable>string</replaceable></returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        String converted to all upper case according to the rules of the database's locale.
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query('"tom"', '$.upper()')</literal>
+        <returnvalue>"TOM"</returnvalue>
+       </para></entry>
+      </row>
+
+      <row>
+       <entry role="func_table_entry"><para role="func_signature">
+        <replaceable>string</replaceable> <literal>.</literal> <literal>initcap()</literal>
+        <returnvalue><replaceable>string</replaceable></returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        String with the first letter of each word converted to upper case
+        according to the rules of the database's locale. Words are sequences
+        of alphanumeric characters separated by non-alphanumeric characters.
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query('"hi THOMAS"', '$.initcap()')</literal>
+        <returnvalue>"Hi Thomas"</returnvalue>
+       </para></entry>
+      </row>
+
+      <row>
+       <entry role="func_table_entry"><para role="func_signature">
+        <replaceable>string</replaceable> <literal>.</literal> <literal>replace(<replaceable>from</replaceable>, <replaceable>to</replaceable>)</literal>
+        <returnvalue><replaceable>string</replaceable></returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        String with all occurrences of substring from replaced with substring to.
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query('"abcdefabcdef"', '$.replace("cd", "XX")')</literal>
+        <returnvalue>"abXXefabXXef"</returnvalue>
+       </para></entry>
+      </row>
+
+      <row>
+       <entry role="func_table_entry"><para role="func_signature">
+        <replaceable>string</replaceable> <literal>.</literal> <literal>split_part(<replaceable>delimiter</replaceable>, <replaceable>n</replaceable>)</literal>
+        <returnvalue><replaceable>string</replaceable></returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        String split at occurrences of <replaceable>delimiter</replaceable>
+        and returns the <replaceable>n</replaceable>'th field (counting from
+        one) or, when <replaceable>n</replaceable> is negative, returns the
+        |<replaceable>n</replaceable>|'th-from-last field.
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query('"abc~@~def~@~ghi"', '$.split_part("~@~", 2)')</literal>
+        <returnvalue>"def"</returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query('"abc,def,ghi,jkl"', '$.split_part(",", 2)')</literal>
+        <returnvalue>"ghi"</returnvalue>
+       </para></entry>
+      </row>
+
+      <row>
+       <entry role="func_table_entry"><para role="func_signature">
+        <replaceable>string</replaceable> <literal>.</literal> <literal>ltrim(<replaceable>characters</replaceable>)</literal>
+        <returnvalue><replaceable>string</replaceable></returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        String with the longest string containing only spaces or the
+        characters in <replaceable>characters</replaceable> removed from the
+        start of <replaceable>string</replaceable>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        <literal> jsonb_path_query('"  hello"', '$.ltrim()')</literal>
+        <returnvalue>"hello"</returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query('"zzzytest"', '$.ltrim("xyz")')</literal>
+        <returnvalue>"test"</returnvalue>
+       </para></entry>
+      </row>
+
+      <row>
+       <entry role="func_table_entry"><para role="func_signature">
+        <replaceable>string</replaceable> <literal>.</literal> <literal>rtrim([ <replaceable>characters</replaceable> ])</literal>
+        <returnvalue><replaceable>string</replaceable></returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        String with the longest string containing only spaces or the
+        characters in <replaceable>characters</replaceable> removed from the
+        end of <replaceable>string</replaceable>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query('"hello  "', '$.rtrim()')</literal>
+        <returnvalue>"hello"</returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query('"testxxzx"', '$.rtrim("xyz")')</literal>
+        <returnvalue>"test"</returnvalue>
+       </para></entry>
+      </row>
+
+      <row>
+       <entry role="func_table_entry"><para role="func_signature">
+        <replaceable>string</replaceable> <literal>.</literal> <literal>btrim([ <replaceable>characters</replaceable> ])</literal>
+        <returnvalue><replaceable>string</replaceable></returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        String with the longest string containing only spaces or the
+        characters in <replaceable>characters</replaceable> removed from the
+        start and end of <replaceable>string</replaceable>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query('"  hello  "', '$.btrim()')</literal>
+        <returnvalue>"hello"</returnvalue>
+       </para>
+       <para>
+        <literal>jsonb_path_query('"xyxtrimyyx"', '$.btrim("xyz")')</literal>
+        <returnvalue>"trim"</returnvalue>
+       </para></entry>
+      </row>
+
      </tbody>
     </tgroup>
    </table>
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath.c
index 762f7e8a09d..f3f2119a4a8 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath.c
@@ -298,6 +298,8 @@ flattenJsonPathParseItem(StringInfo buf, int *result, struct Node *escontext,
 		case jpiMod:
 		case jpiStartsWith:
 		case jpiDecimal:
+		case jpiStrReplace:
+		case jpiStrSplitPart:
 			{
 				/*
 				 * First, reserve place for left/right arg's positions, then
@@ -362,6 +364,9 @@ flattenJsonPathParseItem(StringInfo buf, int *result, struct Node *escontext,
 		case jpiTimeTz:
 		case jpiTimestamp:
 		case jpiTimestampTz:
+		case jpiStrLtrim:
+		case jpiStrRtrim:
+		case jpiStrBtrim:
 			{
 				int32		arg = reserveSpaceForItemPointer(buf);
 
@@ -457,6 +462,9 @@ flattenJsonPathParseItem(StringInfo buf, int *result, struct Node *escontext,
 		case jpiInteger:
 		case jpiNumber:
 		case jpiStringFunc:
+		case jpiStrLower:
+		case jpiStrUpper:
+		case jpiStrInitcap:
 			break;
 		default:
 			elog(ERROR, "unrecognized jsonpath item type: %d", item->type);
@@ -831,6 +839,60 @@ printJsonPathItem(StringInfo buf, JsonPathItem *v, bool inKey,
 			}
 			appendStringInfoChar(buf, ')');
 			break;
+		case jpiStrReplace:
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ".replace(");
+			jspGetLeftArg(v, &elem);
+			printJsonPathItem(buf, &elem, false, false);
+			appendStringInfoChar(buf, ',');
+			jspGetRightArg(v, &elem);
+			printJsonPathItem(buf, &elem, false, false);
+			appendStringInfoChar(buf, ')');
+			break;
+		case jpiStrSplitPart:
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ".split_part(");
+			jspGetLeftArg(v, &elem);
+			printJsonPathItem(buf, &elem, false, false);
+			appendStringInfoChar(buf, ',');
+			jspGetRightArg(v, &elem);
+			printJsonPathItem(buf, &elem, false, false);
+			appendStringInfoChar(buf, ')');
+			break;
+		case jpiStrLower:
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ".lower()");
+			break;
+		case jpiStrUpper:
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ".upper()");
+			break;
+		case jpiStrInitcap:
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ".initcap()");
+			break;
+		case jpiStrLtrim:
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ".ltrim(");
+			if (v->content.arg)
+			{
+				jspGetArg(v, &elem);
+				printJsonPathItem(buf, &elem, false, false);
+			}
+			appendStringInfoChar(buf, ')');
+			break;
+		case jpiStrRtrim:
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ".rtrim(");
+			if (v->content.arg)
+			{
+				jspGetArg(v, &elem);
+				printJsonPathItem(buf, &elem, false, false);
+			}
+			appendStringInfoChar(buf, ')');
+			break;
+		case jpiStrBtrim:
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, ".btrim(");
+			if (v->content.arg)
+			{
+				jspGetArg(v, &elem);
+				printJsonPathItem(buf, &elem, false, false);
+			}
+			appendStringInfoChar(buf, ')');
+			break;
 		default:
 			elog(ERROR, "unrecognized jsonpath item type: %d", v->type);
 	}
@@ -906,6 +968,12 @@ jspOperationName(JsonPathItemType type)
 			return "number";
 		case jpiStringFunc:
 			return "string";
+		case jpiStrReplace:
+			return "replace";
+		case jpiStrLower:
+			return "lower";
+		case jpiStrUpper:
+			return "upper";
 		case jpiTime:
 			return "time";
 		case jpiTimeTz:
@@ -914,6 +982,16 @@ jspOperationName(JsonPathItemType type)
 			return "timestamp";
 		case jpiTimestampTz:
 			return "timestamp_tz";
+		case jpiStrLtrim:
+			return "ltrim";
+		case jpiStrRtrim:
+			return "rtrim";
+		case jpiStrBtrim:
+			return "btrim";
+		case jpiStrInitcap:
+			return "initcap";
+		case jpiStrSplitPart:
+			return "split_part";
 		default:
 			elog(ERROR, "unrecognized jsonpath item type: %d", type);
 			return NULL;
@@ -1016,6 +1094,9 @@ jspInitByBuffer(JsonPathItem *v, char *base, int32 pos)
 		case jpiInteger:
 		case jpiNumber:
 		case jpiStringFunc:
+		case jpiStrLower:
+		case jpiStrUpper:
+		case jpiStrInitcap:
 			break;
 		case jpiString:
 		case jpiKey:
@@ -1041,6 +1122,8 @@ jspInitByBuffer(JsonPathItem *v, char *base, int32 pos)
 		case jpiMod:
 		case jpiStartsWith:
 		case jpiDecimal:
+		case jpiStrReplace:
+		case jpiStrSplitPart:
 			read_int32(v->content.args.left, base, pos);
 			read_int32(v->content.args.right, base, pos);
 			break;
@@ -1055,6 +1138,9 @@ jspInitByBuffer(JsonPathItem *v, char *base, int32 pos)
 		case jpiTimeTz:
 		case jpiTimestamp:
 		case jpiTimestampTz:
+		case jpiStrLtrim:
+		case jpiStrRtrim:
+		case jpiStrBtrim:
 			read_int32(v->content.arg, base, pos);
 			break;
 		case jpiIndexArray:
@@ -1090,7 +1176,10 @@ jspGetArg(JsonPathItem *v, JsonPathItem *a)
 		   v->type == jpiTime ||
 		   v->type == jpiTimeTz ||
 		   v->type == jpiTimestamp ||
-		   v->type == jpiTimestampTz);
+		   v->type == jpiTimestampTz ||
+		   v->type == jpiStrLtrim ||
+		   v->type == jpiStrRtrim ||
+		   v->type == jpiStrBtrim);
 
 	jspInitByBuffer(a, v->base, v->content.arg);
 }
@@ -1149,10 +1238,18 @@ jspGetNext(JsonPathItem *v, JsonPathItem *a)
 			   v->type == jpiInteger ||
 			   v->type == jpiNumber ||
 			   v->type == jpiStringFunc ||
+			   v->type == jpiStrReplace ||
+			   v->type == jpiStrLower ||
+			   v->type == jpiStrUpper ||
 			   v->type == jpiTime ||
 			   v->type == jpiTimeTz ||
 			   v->type == jpiTimestamp ||
-			   v->type == jpiTimestampTz);
+			   v->type == jpiTimestampTz ||
+			   v->type == jpiStrLtrim ||
+			   v->type == jpiStrRtrim ||
+			   v->type == jpiStrBtrim ||
+			   v->type == jpiStrInitcap ||
+			   v->type == jpiStrSplitPart);
 
 		if (a)
 			jspInitByBuffer(a, v->base, v->nextPos);
@@ -1179,7 +1276,9 @@ jspGetLeftArg(JsonPathItem *v, JsonPathItem *a)
 		   v->type == jpiDiv ||
 		   v->type == jpiMod ||
 		   v->type == jpiStartsWith ||
-		   v->type == jpiDecimal);
+		   v->type == jpiDecimal ||
+		   v->type == jpiStrReplace ||
+		   v->type == jpiStrSplitPart);
 
 	jspInitByBuffer(a, v->base, v->content.args.left);
 }
@@ -1201,7 +1300,9 @@ jspGetRightArg(JsonPathItem *v, JsonPathItem *a)
 		   v->type == jpiDiv ||
 		   v->type == jpiMod ||
 		   v->type == jpiStartsWith ||
-		   v->type == jpiDecimal);
+		   v->type == jpiDecimal ||
+		   v->type == jpiStrReplace ||
+		   v->type == jpiStrSplitPart);
 
 	jspInitByBuffer(a, v->base, v->content.args.right);
 }
@@ -1501,6 +1602,14 @@ jspIsMutableWalker(JsonPathItem *jpi, struct JsonPathMutableContext *cxt)
 			case jpiInteger:
 			case jpiNumber:
 			case jpiStringFunc:
+			case jpiStrReplace:
+			case jpiStrLower:
+			case jpiStrUpper:
+			case jpiStrLtrim:
+			case jpiStrRtrim:
+			case jpiStrBtrim:
+			case jpiStrInitcap:
+			case jpiStrSplitPart:
 				status = jpdsNonDateTime;
 				break;
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c
index 8156695e97e..c22917796da 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c
@@ -302,6 +302,8 @@ static JsonPathExecResult executeNumericItemMethod(JsonPathExecContext *cxt,
 												   JsonValueList *found);
 static JsonPathExecResult executeDateTimeMethod(JsonPathExecContext *cxt, JsonPathItem *jsp,
 												JsonbValue *jb, JsonValueList *found);
+static JsonPathExecResult executeStringInternalMethod(JsonPathExecContext *cxt, JsonPathItem *jsp,
+													  JsonbValue *jb, JsonValueList *found);
 static JsonPathExecResult executeKeyValueMethod(JsonPathExecContext *cxt,
 												JsonPathItem *jsp, JsonbValue *jb, JsonValueList *found);
 static JsonPathExecResult appendBoolResult(JsonPathExecContext *cxt,
@@ -1661,6 +1663,23 @@ executeItemOptUnwrapTarget(JsonPathExecContext *cxt, JsonPathItem *jsp,
 			}
 			break;
 
+		case jpiStrLtrim:
+		case jpiStrLower:
+		case jpiStrUpper:
+		case jpiStrReplace:
+		case jpiStrRtrim:
+		case jpiStrBtrim:
+		case jpiStrInitcap:
+		case jpiStrSplitPart:
+			{
+				if (unwrap && JsonbType(jb) == jbvArray)
+					return executeItemUnwrapTargetArray(cxt, jsp, jb, found, false);
+
+				return executeStringInternalMethod(cxt, jsp, jb, found);
+			}
+			break;
+
+
 		default:
 			elog(ERROR, "unrecognized jsonpath item type: %d", jsp->type);
 	}
@@ -2794,6 +2813,194 @@ executeDateTimeMethod(JsonPathExecContext *cxt, JsonPathItem *jsp,
 	return executeNextItem(cxt, jsp, &elem, jb, found, hasNext);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Implementation of .upper(), lower() et. al. methods,
+ * that forward their actual implementation to internal functions.
+ */
+static JsonPathExecResult
+executeStringInternalMethod(JsonPathExecContext *cxt, JsonPathItem *jsp,
+							JsonbValue *jb, JsonValueList *found)
+{
+	JsonbValue	jbvbuf;
+	bool		hasNext;
+	JsonPathExecResult res = jperNotFound;
+	JsonPathItem elem;
+	Datum		str;			/* Datum representation for the current string
+								 * value. The first argument to internal
+								 * functions */
+	char	   *tmp = NULL;
+	char	   *resStr = NULL;
+
+	Assert(jsp->type == jpiStrLower ||
+		   jsp->type == jpiStrUpper ||
+		   jsp->type == jpiStrReplace ||
+		   jsp->type == jpiStrLtrim ||
+		   jsp->type == jpiStrRtrim ||
+		   jsp->type == jpiStrBtrim ||
+		   jsp->type == jpiStrInitcap ||
+		   jsp->type == jpiStrSplitPart);
+
+	if (!(jb = getScalar(jb, jbvString)))
+		RETURN_ERROR(ereport(ERROR,
+							 (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_ARGUMENT_FOR_SQL_JSON_DATETIME_FUNCTION),
+							  errmsg("jsonpath item method .%s() can only be applied to a string",
+									 jspOperationName(jsp->type)))));
+
+	tmp = pnstrdup(jb->val.string.val, jb->val.string.len);
+	str = CStringGetTextDatum(tmp);
+
+	/* Internal string functions that accept no arguments */
+	switch (jsp->type)
+	{
+		case jpiStrLtrim:
+		case jpiStrRtrim:
+		case jpiStrBtrim:
+			{
+				char	   *characters_str;
+				int			characters_len;
+				PGFunction	func = NULL;
+
+				if (jsp->content.arg)
+				{
+					switch (jsp->type)
+					{
+						case jpiStrLtrim:
+							func = ltrim;
+							break;
+						case jpiStrRtrim:
+							func = rtrim;
+							break;
+						case jpiStrBtrim:
+							func = btrim;
+							break;
+						default:;
+					}
+					jspGetArg(jsp, &elem);
+					if (elem.type != jpiString)
+						elog(ERROR, "invalid jsonpath item type for .%s() argument", jspOperationName(jsp->type));
+
+					characters_str = jspGetString(&elem, &characters_len);
+					resStr = TextDatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall2Coll(func,
+																		 DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID, str,
+																		 CStringGetTextDatum(characters_str)));
+					break;
+				}
+
+				switch (jsp->type)
+				{
+					case jpiStrLtrim:
+						func = ltrim1;
+						break;
+					case jpiStrRtrim:
+						func = rtrim1;
+						break;
+					case jpiStrBtrim:
+						func = btrim1;
+						break;
+					default:;
+				}
+				resStr = TextDatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1Coll(func,
+																	 DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID, str));
+				break;
+			}
+
+		case jpiStrLower:
+			resStr = TextDatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1Coll(lower, DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID, str));
+			break;
+		case jpiStrUpper:
+			resStr = TextDatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1Coll(upper, DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID, str));
+			break;
+		case jpiStrInitcap:
+			resStr = TextDatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1Coll(initcap, DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID, str));
+			break;
+		case jpiStrReplace:
+			{
+				char	   *from_str,
+						   *to_str;
+				int			from_len,
+							to_len;
+
+				jspGetLeftArg(jsp, &elem);
+				if (elem.type != jpiString)
+					elog(ERROR, "invalid jsonpath item type for .replace() from");
+
+				from_str = jspGetString(&elem, &from_len);
+
+				jspGetRightArg(jsp, &elem);
+				if (elem.type != jpiString)
+					elog(ERROR, "invalid jsonpath item type for .replace() to");
+
+				to_str = jspGetString(&elem, &to_len);
+
+				resStr = TextDatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall3Coll(replace_text,
+																	 C_COLLATION_OID,
+																	 CStringGetTextDatum(tmp),
+																	 CStringGetTextDatum(from_str),
+																	 CStringGetTextDatum(to_str)));
+				break;
+			}
+		case jpiStrSplitPart:
+			{
+				char	   *from_str;
+				Numeric		n;
+				int			from_len;
+
+				jspGetLeftArg(jsp, &elem);
+				if (elem.type != jpiString)
+					elog(ERROR, "invalid jsonpath item type for .split_part()");
+
+				from_str = jspGetString(&elem, &from_len);
+
+				jspGetRightArg(jsp, &elem);
+				if (elem.type != jpiNumeric)
+					elog(ERROR, "invalid jsonpath item type for .split_part()");
+
+				n = jspGetNumeric(&elem);
+
+				resStr = TextDatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall3Coll(split_part,
+																	 C_COLLATION_OID,
+																	 CStringGetTextDatum(tmp),
+																	 CStringGetTextDatum(from_str),
+																	 DirectFunctionCall1(numeric_int4, NumericGetDatum(n))));
+				break;
+			}
+		default:
+			elog(ERROR, "unsupported jsonpath item type: %d", jsp->type);
+	}
+
+	if (resStr)
+		res = jperOk;
+
+	hasNext = jspGetNext(jsp, &elem);
+
+	if (!hasNext && !found)
+		return res;
+
+	jb = hasNext ? &jbvbuf : palloc(sizeof(*jb));
+
+	/* Create the appropriate jb value to return */
+	switch (jsp->type)
+	{
+			/* Cases for functions that return text */
+		case jpiStrLower:
+		case jpiStrUpper:
+		case jpiStrReplace:
+		case jpiStrLtrim:
+		case jpiStrRtrim:
+		case jpiStrBtrim:
+		case jpiStrInitcap:
+		case jpiStrSplitPart:
+			jb->type = jbvString;
+			jb->val.string.val = resStr;
+			jb->val.string.len = strlen(jb->val.string.val);
+		default:
+			;
+			/* cant' happen */
+	}
+
+	return executeNextItem(cxt, jsp, &elem, jb, found, hasNext);
+}
+
 /*
  * Implementation of .keyvalue() method.
  *
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_gram.y b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_gram.y
index 0b16cec18c4..53bf779e152 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_gram.y
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_gram.y
@@ -86,6 +86,8 @@ static bool makeItemLikeRegex(JsonPathParseItem *expr,
 %token	<str>		DATETIME_P
 %token	<str>		BIGINT_P BOOLEAN_P DATE_P DECIMAL_P INTEGER_P NUMBER_P
 %token	<str>		STRINGFUNC_P TIME_P TIME_TZ_P TIMESTAMP_P TIMESTAMP_TZ_P
+%token	<str>		STR_REPLACE_P STR_LOWER_P STR_UPPER_P STR_LTRIM_P STR_RTRIM_P STR_BTRIM_P
+					STR_INITCAP_P STR_SPLIT_PART_P
 
 %type	<result>	result
 
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ static bool makeItemLikeRegex(JsonPathParseItem *expr,
 					str_elem opt_str_arg int_elem
 					uint_elem opt_uint_arg
 
-%type	<elems>		accessor_expr int_list opt_int_list
+%type	<elems>		accessor_expr int_list opt_int_list str_int_args str_str_args
 
 %type	<indexs>	index_list
 
@@ -278,6 +280,16 @@ accessor_op:
 		{ $$ = makeItemUnary(jpiTimestamp, $4); }
 	| '.' TIMESTAMP_TZ_P '(' opt_uint_arg ')'
 		{ $$ = makeItemUnary(jpiTimestampTz, $4); }
+	| '.' STR_REPLACE_P '(' str_str_args ')'
+		{ $$ = makeItemBinary(jpiStrReplace, linitial($4), lsecond($4)); }
+	| '.' STR_SPLIT_PART_P '(' str_int_args ')'
+		{ $$ = makeItemBinary(jpiStrSplitPart, linitial($4), lsecond($4)); }
+	| '.' STR_LTRIM_P '(' opt_str_arg ')'
+		{ $$ = makeItemUnary(jpiStrLtrim, $4); }
+	| '.' STR_RTRIM_P '(' opt_str_arg ')'
+		{ $$ = makeItemUnary(jpiStrRtrim, $4); }
+	| '.' STR_BTRIM_P '(' opt_str_arg ')'
+		{ $$ = makeItemUnary(jpiStrBtrim, $4); }
 	;
 
 int_elem:
@@ -317,6 +329,14 @@ opt_str_arg:
 	| /* EMPTY */					{ $$ = NULL; }
 	;
 
+str_int_args:
+	str_elem ',' int_elem			{ $$ = list_make2($1, $3); }
+	;
+
+str_str_args:
+	str_elem ',' str_elem 			{ $$ = list_make2($1, $3); }
+	;
+
 key:
 	key_name						{ $$ = makeItemKey(&$1); }
 	;
@@ -357,6 +377,9 @@ key_name:
 	| TIME_TZ_P
 	| TIMESTAMP_P
 	| TIMESTAMP_TZ_P
+	| STR_LTRIM_P
+	| STR_RTRIM_P
+	| STR_BTRIM_P
 	;
 
 method:
@@ -373,6 +396,9 @@ method:
 	| INTEGER_P						{ $$ = jpiInteger; }
 	| NUMBER_P						{ $$ = jpiNumber; }
 	| STRINGFUNC_P					{ $$ = jpiStringFunc; }
+	| STR_LOWER_P					{ $$ = jpiStrLower; }
+	| STR_UPPER_P					{ $$ = jpiStrUpper; }
+	| STR_INITCAP_P					{ $$ = jpiStrInitcap; }
 	;
 %%
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_scan.l b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_scan.l
index c7aab83eeb4..69c61f98500 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_scan.l
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_scan.l
@@ -413,8 +413,13 @@ static const JsonPathKeyword keywords[] = {
 	{4, true, TRUE_P, "true"},
 	{4, false, TYPE_P, "type"},
 	{4, false, WITH_P, "with"},
+	{5, false, STR_BTRIM_P, "btrim"},
 	{5, true, FALSE_P, "false"},
 	{5, false, FLOOR_P, "floor"},
+	{5, false, STR_LOWER_P, "lower"},
+	{5, false, STR_LTRIM_P, "ltrim"},
+	{5, false, STR_RTRIM_P, "rtrim"},
+	{5, false, STR_UPPER_P, "upper"},
 	{6, false, BIGINT_P, "bigint"},
 	{6, false, DOUBLE_P, "double"},
 	{6, false, EXISTS_P, "exists"},
@@ -425,13 +430,16 @@ static const JsonPathKeyword keywords[] = {
 	{7, false, BOOLEAN_P, "boolean"},
 	{7, false, CEILING_P, "ceiling"},
 	{7, false, DECIMAL_P, "decimal"},
+	{7, false, STR_INITCAP_P, "initcap"},
 	{7, false, INTEGER_P, "integer"},
+	{7, false, STR_REPLACE_P, "replace"},
 	{7, false, TIME_TZ_P, "time_tz"},
 	{7, false, UNKNOWN_P, "unknown"},
 	{8, false, DATETIME_P, "datetime"},
 	{8, false, KEYVALUE_P, "keyvalue"},
 	{9, false, TIMESTAMP_P, "timestamp"},
 	{10, false, LIKE_REGEX_P, "like_regex"},
+	{10,false, STR_SPLIT_PART_P, "split_part"},
 	{12, false, TIMESTAMP_TZ_P, "timestamp_tz"},
 };
 
diff --git a/src/include/utils/jsonpath.h b/src/include/utils/jsonpath.h
index 23a76d233e9..2d0c53f7b06 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/jsonpath.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/jsonpath.h
@@ -115,6 +115,14 @@ typedef enum JsonPathItemType
 	jpiTimeTz,					/* .time_tz() item method */
 	jpiTimestamp,				/* .timestamp() item method */
 	jpiTimestampTz,				/* .timestamp_tz() item method */
+	jpiStrReplace,				/* .replace() item method */
+	jpiStrLower,				/* .lower() item method */
+	jpiStrUpper,				/* .upper() item method */
+	jpiStrLtrim,				/* .ltrim() item method */
+	jpiStrRtrim,				/* .rtrim() item method */
+	jpiStrBtrim,				/* .btrim() item method */
+	jpiStrInitcap,				/* .initcap() item method */
+	jpiStrSplitPart,			/* .split_part() item method */
 } JsonPathItemType;
 
 /* XQuery regex mode flags for LIKE_REGEX predicate */
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/jsonb_jsonpath.out b/src/test/regress/expected/jsonb_jsonpath.out
index 4bcd4e91a29..cea539717f9 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/jsonb_jsonpath.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/jsonb_jsonpath.out
@@ -2723,6 +2723,405 @@ select jsonb_path_query('"2023-08-15 12:34:56"', '$.timestamp().string()');
 (1 row)
 
 rollback;
+-- test .ltrim()
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.ltrim(" ")');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "hello   "
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.ltrim(" ")');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "hello   "
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.ltrim()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "hello   "
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"zzzytest"', '$.ltrim("xyz")');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "test"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.ltrim()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .ltrim() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.ltrim()', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', '$.ltrim()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.ltrim()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .ltrim() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.ltrim()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .ltrim() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.ltrim()', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.ltrim()', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('1.23', '$.ltrim()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .ltrim() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23"', '$.ltrim()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "1.23"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23aaa"', '$.ltrim()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "1.23aaa"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.ltrim()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .ltrim() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('true', '$.ltrim()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .ltrim() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.ltrim().type()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .ltrim() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('[2, true]', '$.ltrim()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .ltrim() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query_array('["  maybe  ", "  yes", "  no"]', '$[*].ltrim()');
+  jsonb_path_query_array  
+--------------------------
+ ["maybe  ", "yes", "no"]
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query_array('["  maybe  ", "  yes", "  no"]', '$[*].ltrim().type()');
+     jsonb_path_query_array     
+--------------------------------
+ ["string", "string", "string"]
+(1 row)
+
+-- test .rtrim()
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.rtrim(" ")');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "   hello"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"testxxzx"', '$.rtrim("xyz")');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "test"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.rtrim()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "   hello"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.rtrim()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "   hello"
+(1 row)
+
+-- test .btrim()
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.btrim(" ")');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "hello"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"xyxtrimyyx"', '$.btrim("xyz")');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "trim"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.btrim()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "hello"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.btrim()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "hello"
+(1 row)
+
+-- test .lower()
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.lower()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .lower() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.lower()', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', '$.lower()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.lower()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .lower() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.lower()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .lower() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.lower()', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.lower()', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('1.23', '$.lower()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .lower() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23"', '$.lower()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "1.23"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23aaa"', '$.lower()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "1.23aaa"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.lower()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .lower() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('true', '$.lower()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .lower() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.lower().type()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .lower() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('[2, true]', '$.lower()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .lower() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query_array('["maybe", "yes", "no"]', '$[*].lower()');
+ jsonb_path_query_array 
+------------------------
+ ["maybe", "yes", "no"]
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query_array('["maybe", "yes", "no"]', '$[*].lower().type()');
+     jsonb_path_query_array     
+--------------------------------
+ ["string", "string", "string"]
+(1 row)
+
+-- test .upper()
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.upper()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .upper() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.upper()', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', '$.upper()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.upper()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .upper() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.upper()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .upper() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.upper()', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.upper()', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('1.23', '$.upper()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .upper() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23"', '$.upper()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "1.23"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23aaa"', '$.upper()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "1.23AAA"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.upper()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .upper() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('true', '$.upper()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .upper() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.upper().type()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .upper() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('[2, true]', '$.upper()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .upper() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query_array('["maybe", "yes", "no"]', '$[*].upper()');
+ jsonb_path_query_array 
+------------------------
+ ["MAYBE", "YES", "NO"]
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query_array('["maybe", "yes", "no"]', '$[*].upper().type()');
+     jsonb_path_query_array     
+--------------------------------
+ ["string", "string", "string"]
+(1 row)
+
+-- test .initcap()
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.initcap()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .initcap() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.initcap()', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', '$.initcap()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.initcap()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .initcap() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.initcap()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .initcap() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.initcap()', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.initcap()', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('1.23', '$.initcap()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .initcap() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23"', '$.initcap()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "1.23"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23aaa"', '$.initcap()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "1.23aaa"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.initcap()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .initcap() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('true', '$.initcap()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .initcap() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.initcap().type()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .initcap() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('[2, true]', '$.initcap()');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .initcap() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('["maybe yes", "probably no"]', '$.initcap()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "Maybe Yes"
+ "Probably No"
+(2 rows)
+
+-- Test .replace()
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.replace("x", "bye")');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .replace() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.replace("x", "bye")', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('["x", "y", "z"]', '$.replace("x", "bye")');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "bye"
+ "y"
+ "z"
+(3 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.replace("x", "bye")');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .replace() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.replace("x", "bye")', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.replace("x", "bye")', silent => true);
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('1.23', '$.replace("x", "bye")');
+ERROR:  jsonpath item method .replace() can only be applied to a string
+select jsonb_path_query('"hello world"', '$.replace("hello","bye")');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "bye world"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"hello world"', '$.replace("hello","bye") starts with "bye"');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ true
+(1 row)
+
+-- Test .split_part()
+select jsonb_path_query('"abc~@~def~@~ghi"', '$.split_part("~@~", 2)');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "def"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"abc,def,ghi,jkl"', '$.split_part(",", -2)');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "ghi"
+(1 row)
+
+-- Test string methods play nicely together
+select jsonb_path_query('"hello world"', '$.replace("hello","bye").upper()');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "BYE WORLD"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"hElLo WorlD"', '$.lower().upper().lower().replace("hello","bye")');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "bye world"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"hElLo WorlD"', '$.upper().lower().upper().replace("HELLO", "BYE")');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ "BYE WORLD"
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"hElLo WorlD"', '$.lower().upper().lower().replace("hello","bye") starts with "bye"');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ true
+(1 row)
+
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hElLo WorlD "', '$.btrim().lower().upper().lower().replace("hello","bye") starts with "bye"');
+ jsonb_path_query 
+------------------
+ true
+(1 row)
+
 -- Test .time()
 select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.time()');
 ERROR:  jsonpath item method .time() can only be applied to a string
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/jsonpath.out b/src/test/regress/expected/jsonpath.out
index fd9bd755f52..a13022feabd 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/jsonpath.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/jsonpath.out
@@ -435,6 +435,143 @@ select '$.string()'::jsonpath;
  $.string()
 (1 row)
 
+select '$.replace("hello","bye")'::jsonpath;
+         jsonpath         
+--------------------------
+ $.replace("hello","bye")
+(1 row)
+
+select '$.lower()'::jsonpath;
+ jsonpath  
+-----------
+ $.lower()
+(1 row)
+
+select '$.upper()'::jsonpath;
+ jsonpath  
+-----------
+ $.upper()
+(1 row)
+
+select '$.lower().upper().lower().replace("hello","bye")'::jsonpath;
+                     jsonpath                     
+--------------------------------------------------
+ $.lower().upper().lower().replace("hello","bye")
+(1 row)
+
+select '$.ltrim()'::jsonpath;
+ jsonpath  
+-----------
+ $.ltrim()
+(1 row)
+
+select '$.ltrim("xyz")'::jsonpath;
+    jsonpath    
+----------------
+ $.ltrim("xyz")
+(1 row)
+
+select '$.rtrim()'::jsonpath;
+ jsonpath  
+-----------
+ $.rtrim()
+(1 row)
+
+select '$.rtrim("xyz")'::jsonpath;
+    jsonpath    
+----------------
+ $.rtrim("xyz")
+(1 row)
+
+select '$.btrim()'::jsonpath;
+ jsonpath  
+-----------
+ $.btrim()
+(1 row)
+
+select '$.btrim("xyz")'::jsonpath;
+    jsonpath    
+----------------
+ $.btrim("xyz")
+(1 row)
+
+select '$.initcap()'::jsonpath;
+  jsonpath   
+-------------
+ $.initcap()
+(1 row)
+
+select '$.split_part("~@~", 2)'::jsonpath;
+       jsonpath        
+-----------------------
+ $.split_part("~@~",2)
+(1 row)
+
+-- Parse errors
+select '$.replace("hello")'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near ")" of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.replace("hello")'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.replace()'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near ")" of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.replace()'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.replace("hello","bye","extra")'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near "," of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.replace("hello","bye","extra")'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.split_part("~@~")'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near ")" of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.split_part("~@~")'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.split_part()'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near ")" of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.split_part()'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.split_part("~@~", "hi")'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near """ of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.split_part("~@~", "hi")'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.split_part("~@~", 2, "extra")'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near "," of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.split_part("~@~", 2, "extra")'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.lower("hi")'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near """ of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.lower("hi")'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.upper("hi")'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near """ of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.upper("hi")'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.initcap("hi")'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near """ of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.initcap("hi")'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.ltrim(42)'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near "42" of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.ltrim(42)'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.ltrim("x", "y")'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near "," of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.ltrim("x", "y")'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.rtrim(42)'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near "42" of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.rtrim(42)'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.rtrim("x", "y")'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near "," of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.rtrim("x", "y")'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.trim(42)'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near "(" of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.trim(42)'::jsonpath;
+               ^
+select '$.trim("x", "y")'::jsonpath;
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near "(" of jsonpath input
+LINE 1: select '$.trim("x", "y")'::jsonpath;
+               ^
 select '$.time()'::jsonpath;
  jsonpath 
 ----------
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/jsonb_jsonpath.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/jsonb_jsonpath.sql
index 3e8929a5269..8169719343e 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/jsonb_jsonpath.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/jsonb_jsonpath.sql
@@ -623,6 +623,115 @@ select jsonb_path_query('"2023-08-15 12:34:56 +5:30"', '$.timestamp_tz().string(
 select jsonb_path_query('"2023-08-15 12:34:56"', '$.timestamp().string()');
 rollback;
 
+-- test .ltrim()
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.ltrim(" ")');
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.ltrim(" ")');
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.ltrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query('"zzzytest"', '$.ltrim("xyz")');
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.ltrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.ltrim()', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', '$.ltrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.ltrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.ltrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.ltrim()', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.ltrim()', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('1.23', '$.ltrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23"', '$.ltrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23aaa"', '$.ltrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.ltrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query('true', '$.ltrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.ltrim().type()');
+select jsonb_path_query('[2, true]', '$.ltrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query_array('["  maybe  ", "  yes", "  no"]', '$[*].ltrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query_array('["  maybe  ", "  yes", "  no"]', '$[*].ltrim().type()');
+
+-- test .rtrim()
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.rtrim(" ")');
+select jsonb_path_query('"testxxzx"', '$.rtrim("xyz")');
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.rtrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.rtrim()');
+
+-- test .btrim()
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.btrim(" ")');
+select jsonb_path_query('"xyxtrimyyx"', '$.btrim("xyz")');
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.btrim()');
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hello   "', '$.btrim()');
+
+-- test .lower()
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.lower()');
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.lower()', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', '$.lower()');
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.lower()');
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.lower()');
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.lower()', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.lower()', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('1.23', '$.lower()');
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23"', '$.lower()');
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23aaa"', '$.lower()');
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.lower()');
+select jsonb_path_query('true', '$.lower()');
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.lower().type()');
+select jsonb_path_query('[2, true]', '$.lower()');
+select jsonb_path_query_array('["maybe", "yes", "no"]', '$[*].lower()');
+select jsonb_path_query_array('["maybe", "yes", "no"]', '$[*].lower().type()');
+
+-- test .upper()
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.upper()');
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.upper()', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', '$.upper()');
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.upper()');
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.upper()');
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.upper()', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.upper()', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('1.23', '$.upper()');
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23"', '$.upper()');
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23aaa"', '$.upper()');
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.upper()');
+select jsonb_path_query('true', '$.upper()');
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.upper().type()');
+select jsonb_path_query('[2, true]', '$.upper()');
+select jsonb_path_query_array('["maybe", "yes", "no"]', '$[*].upper()');
+select jsonb_path_query_array('["maybe", "yes", "no"]', '$[*].upper().type()');
+
+-- test .initcap()
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.initcap()');
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.initcap()', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', '$.initcap()');
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.initcap()');
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.initcap()');
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.initcap()', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.initcap()', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('1.23', '$.initcap()');
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23"', '$.initcap()');
+select jsonb_path_query('"1.23aaa"', '$.initcap()');
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.initcap()');
+select jsonb_path_query('true', '$.initcap()');
+select jsonb_path_query('1234', '$.initcap().type()');
+select jsonb_path_query('[2, true]', '$.initcap()');
+select jsonb_path_query('["maybe yes", "probably no"]', '$.initcap()');
+
+-- Test .replace()
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.replace("x", "bye")');
+select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.replace("x", "bye")', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('["x", "y", "z"]', '$.replace("x", "bye")');
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.replace("x", "bye")');
+select jsonb_path_query('[]', 'strict $.replace("x", "bye")', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('{}', '$.replace("x", "bye")', silent => true);
+select jsonb_path_query('1.23', '$.replace("x", "bye")');
+select jsonb_path_query('"hello world"', '$.replace("hello","bye")');
+select jsonb_path_query('"hello world"', '$.replace("hello","bye") starts with "bye"');
+
+-- Test .split_part()
+select jsonb_path_query('"abc~@~def~@~ghi"', '$.split_part("~@~", 2)');
+select jsonb_path_query('"abc,def,ghi,jkl"', '$.split_part(",", -2)');
+
+-- Test string methods play nicely together
+select jsonb_path_query('"hello world"', '$.replace("hello","bye").upper()');
+select jsonb_path_query('"hElLo WorlD"', '$.lower().upper().lower().replace("hello","bye")');
+select jsonb_path_query('"hElLo WorlD"', '$.upper().lower().upper().replace("HELLO", "BYE")');
+select jsonb_path_query('"hElLo WorlD"', '$.lower().upper().lower().replace("hello","bye") starts with "bye"');
+select jsonb_path_query('"   hElLo WorlD "', '$.btrim().lower().upper().lower().replace("hello","bye") starts with "bye"');
+
 -- Test .time()
 select jsonb_path_query('null', '$.time()');
 select jsonb_path_query('true', '$.time()');
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/jsonpath.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/jsonpath.sql
index 61a5270d4e8..7dd2e57e7a6 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/jsonpath.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/jsonpath.sql
@@ -78,6 +78,37 @@ select '$.boolean()'::jsonpath;
 select '$.date()'::jsonpath;
 select '$.decimal(4,2)'::jsonpath;
 select '$.string()'::jsonpath;
+select '$.replace("hello","bye")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.lower()'::jsonpath;
+select '$.upper()'::jsonpath;
+select '$.lower().upper().lower().replace("hello","bye")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.ltrim()'::jsonpath;
+select '$.ltrim("xyz")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.rtrim()'::jsonpath;
+select '$.rtrim("xyz")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.btrim()'::jsonpath;
+select '$.btrim("xyz")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.initcap()'::jsonpath;
+select '$.split_part("~@~", 2)'::jsonpath;
+
+-- Parse errors
+select '$.replace("hello")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.replace()'::jsonpath;
+select '$.replace("hello","bye","extra")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.split_part("~@~")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.split_part()'::jsonpath;
+select '$.split_part("~@~", "hi")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.split_part("~@~", 2, "extra")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.lower("hi")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.upper("hi")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.initcap("hi")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.ltrim(42)'::jsonpath;
+select '$.ltrim("x", "y")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.rtrim(42)'::jsonpath;
+select '$.rtrim("x", "y")'::jsonpath;
+select '$.trim(42)'::jsonpath;
+select '$.trim("x", "y")'::jsonpath;
+
 select '$.time()'::jsonpath;
 select '$.time(6)'::jsonpath;
 select '$.time_tz()'::jsonpath;
-- 
2.47.3


--i3zvfoojvjxpz4h6--