Horton

Re: BitmapHeapScan streaming read user and prelim refactoring

Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@enterprisedb.com>

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From: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@enterprisedb.com>
To: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com>, Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Cc: Heikki Linnakangas <hlinnaka@iki.fi>, Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>, Pg Hackers <pgsql-hackers@postgresql.org>, Nazir Bilal Yavuz <byavuz81@gmail.com>
Date: 2024-03-28T18:01:33Z
Lists: pgsql-hackers 
On 3/28/24 06:20, Thomas Munro wrote:
> With the unexplained but apparently somewhat systematic regression
> patterns on certain tests and settings, I wonder if they might be due
> to read_stream.c trying to form larger reads, making it a bit lazier.
> It tries to see what the next block will be before issuing the
> fadvise.  I think that means that with small I/O concurrency settings,
> there might be contrived access patterns where it loses, and needs
> effective_io_concurrency to be set one notch higher to keep up, or
> something like that.

Yes, I think we've speculated this might be the root cause before, but
IIRC we didn't manage to verify it actually is the problem.

FWIW I don't think the tests use synthetic data, but I don't think it's
particularly contrived.

> One way to test that idea would be to run the
> tests with io_combine_limit = 1 (meaning 1 block).  It issues advise
> eagerly when io_combine_limit is reached, so I suppose it should be
> exactly as eager as master.  The only difference then should be that
> it automatically suppresses sequential fadvise calls.

Sure, I'll give that a try. What are some good values to test? Perhaps
32 and 1, i.e. the default and "no coalescing"?

If this turns out to be the problem, does that mean we would consider
using a more conservative default value? Is there some "auto tuning" we
could do? For example, could we reduce the value combine limit if we
start not finding buffers in memory, or something like that?

I recognize this may not be possible with buffered I/O, due to not
having any insight into page cache. And maybe it's misguided anyway,
because how would we know if the right response is to increase or reduce
the combine limit?

Anyway, doesn't the combine limit work against the idea that
effective_io_concurrency is "prefetch distance"? With eic=32 I'd expect
we issue prefetch 32 pages ahead, i.e. if we prefetch page X, we should
then process 32 pages before we actually need X (and we expect the page
to already be in memory, thanks to the gap). But with the combine limit
set to 32, is this still true?

I've tried going through read_stream_* to determine how this will
behave, but read_stream_look_ahead/read_stream_start_pending_read does
not make this very clear. I'll have to experiment with some tracing.


regards

-- 
Tomas Vondra
EnterpriseDB: http://www.enterprisedb.com
The Enterprise PostgreSQL Company

Commits

  1. Fix bitmapheapscan incorrect recheck of NULL tuples

  2. Increase default maintenance_io_concurrency to 16

  3. Separate TBM[Shared|Private]Iterator and TBMIterateResult

  4. Improve read_stream.c advice for dense streams.

  5. Increase default effective_io_concurrency to 16

  6. Delay extraction of TIDBitmap per page offsets

  7. Add lossy indicator to TBMIterateResult

  8. Move BitmapTableScan per-scan setup into a helper

  9. Add and use BitmapHeapScanDescData struct

  10. Fix bitmap table scan crash on iterator release

  11. Bitmap Table Scans use unified TBMIterator

  12. Add common interface for TBMIterators

  13. Make table_scan_bitmap_next_block() async-friendly

  14. Move EXPLAIN counter increment to heapam_scan_bitmap_next_block

  15. Refactor tidstore.c iterator buffering.

  16. BitmapHeapScan: Remove incorrect assert and reset field

  17. Change BitmapAdjustPrefetchIterator to accept BlockNumber

  18. BitmapHeapScan: Use correct recheck flag for skip_fetch

  19. BitmapHeapScan: Push skip_fetch optimization into table AM

  20. BitmapHeapScan: postpone setting can_skip_fetch

  21. BitmapHeapScan: begin scan after bitmap creation

  22. Fix EXPLAIN Bitmap heap scan to count pages with no visible tuples

  23. Remove redundant snapshot copying from parallel leader to workers

  24. Remove some obsolete smgrcloseall() calls.

  25. Remove the "snapshot too old" feature.

  26. Compute XID horizon for page level index vacuum on primary.