Support for INCLUDE attributes in GiST indexes

Alexander Korotkov <akorotkov@postgresql.org>

Commit: f2e403803fe6deb8cff59ea09dff42c6163b2110
Author: Alexander Korotkov <akorotkov@postgresql.org>
Date: 2019-03-10T08:37:17Z
Releases: 12.0
Support for INCLUDE attributes in GiST indexes

Similarly to B-tree, GiST index access method gets support of INCLUDE
attributes.  These attributes aren't used for tree navigation and aren't
present in non-leaf pages.  But they are present in leaf pages and can be
fetched during index-only scan.

The point of having INCLUDE attributes in GiST indexes is slightly different
from the point of having them in B-tree.  The main point of INCLUDE attributes
in B-tree is to define UNIQUE constraint over part of attributes enabled for
index-only scan.  In GiST the main point of INCLUDE attributes is to use
index-only scan for attributes, whose data types don't have GiST opclasses.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/73A1A452-AD5F-40D4-BD61-978622FF75C1%40yandex-team.ru
Author: Andrey Borodin, with small changes by me
Reviewed-by: Andreas Karlsson

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