Change ps_status.c to explicitly track the current logical length of ps_buffer.

Change ps_status.c to explicitly track the current logical length of ps_buffer.
This saves cycles in get_ps_display() on many popular platforms, and more
importantly ensures that get_ps_display() will correctly return an empty
string if init_ps_display() hasn't been called yet.  Per trouble report
from Ray Stell, in which log_line_prefix %i produced junk early in backend
startup.

Back-patch to 8.0.  7.4 doesn't have %i and its version of get_ps_display()
makes no pretense of avoiding pad junk anyhow.