libpq: Add PQgetThreadLock() to mirror PQregisterThreadLock()

libpq: Add PQgetThreadLock() to mirror PQregisterThreadLock()

Allow libpq clients to retrieve the current pg_g_threadlock pointer with
PQgetThreadLock(). Single-threaded applications could already do this in
a convoluted way:

    pgthreadlock_t tlock;

    tlock = PQregisterThreadLock(NULL);
    PQregisterThreadLock(tlock);    /* re-register the callback */

    /* use tlock */

But a generic library can't do that without potentially breaking
concurrent libpq connections.

The motivation for doing this now is the libpq-oauth plugin, which
currently relies on direct injection of pg_g_threadlock, and should
ideally not.

Reviewed-by: Zsolt Parragi <zsolt.parragi@percona.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAOYmi%2BmEU_q9sr1PMmE-4rLwFN%3DOjyndDwFZvpsMU3RNJLrM9g%40mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAOYmi%2B%3DMHD%2BWKD4rsTn0v8220mYfyLGhEc5EfhmtqrAb7SmC5g%40mail.gmail.com