Remove planner's private fields from Query struct, and put them into

Remove planner's private fields from Query struct, and put them into
a new PlannerInfo struct, which is passed around instead of the bare
Query in all the planning code.  This commit is essentially just a
code-beautification exercise, but it does open the door to making
larger changes to the planner data structures without having to muck
with the widely-known Query struct.