Add optional compression method to SP-GiST

Teodor Sigaev <teodor@sigaev.ru>

Commit: 854823fa334cb826eed50da751801d0693b10173
Author: Teodor Sigaev <teodor@sigaev.ru>
Date: 2017-12-22T10:33:16Z
Releases: 11.0
Add optional compression method to SP-GiST

Patch allows to have different types of column and value stored in leaf tuples
of SP-GiST. The main application of feature is to transform complex column type
to simple indexed type or for truncating too long value, transformation could
be lossy.  Simple example: polygons are converted to their bounding boxes,
this opclass follows.

Authors: me, Heikki Linnakangas, Alexander Korotkov, Nikita Glukhov
Reviewed-By: all authors + Darafei Praliaskouski
Discussions:
https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/5447B3FF.2080406@sigaev.ru
https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/54907069.1030506@sigaev.ru#54907069.1030506@sigaev.ru

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