Rework PostgresNode's psql method

Rework PostgresNode's psql method

This makes the psql() method much more capable: it captures both stdout
and stderr; it now returns the psql exit code rather than stdout; a
timeout can now be specified, as can ON_ERROR_STOP behavior; it gained a
new "on_error_die" (defaulting to off) parameter to raise an exception
if there's any problem.  Finally, additional parameters to psql can be
passed if there's need for further tweaking.

For convenience, a new safe_psql() method retains much of the old
behavior of psql(), except that it uses on_error_die on, so that
problems like syntax errors in SQL commands can be detected more easily.

Many existing TAP test files now use safe_psql, which is what is really
wanted.  A couple of ->psql() calls are now added in the commit_ts
tests, which verify that the right thing is happening on certain errors.
Some ->command_fails() calls in recovery tests that were verifying that
psql failed also became ->psql() calls now.

Author: Craig Ringer. Some tweaks by Álvaro Herrera
Reviewed-By: Michaël Paquier