Fix usage of "tableoid" in GENERATED expressions.

Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>

Commit: 2b0ee126bbf01cbfd657bd53c94f9284ba903ca2
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Date: 2021-05-21T19:02:06Z
Releases: 14.0
Fix usage of "tableoid" in GENERATED expressions.

We consider this supported (though I've got my doubts that it's a
good idea, because tableoid is not immutable).  However, several
code paths failed to fill the field in soon enough, causing such
a GENERATED expression to see zero or the wrong value.  This
occurred when ALTER TABLE adds a new GENERATED column to a table
with existing rows, and during regular INSERT or UPDATE on a
foreign table with GENERATED columns.

Noted during investigation of a report from Vitaly Ustinov.
Back-patch to v12 where GENERATED came in.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAM_DEiWR2DPT6U4xb-Ehigozzd3n3G37ZB1+867zbsEVtYoJww@mail.gmail.com

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