Tweak dynahash.c to avoid wasting memory space in non-shared hash tables.

Tweak dynahash.c to avoid wasting memory space in non-shared hash tables.
palloc() will normally round allocation requests up to the next power of 2,
so make dynahash choose allocation sizes that are as close to a power of 2
as possible.
Back-patch to 8.1 --- the problem exists further back, but a much larger
patch would be needed and it doesn't seem worth taking any risks.