pgsql-v9.4-custom-scan.part-2.patch

 contrib/Makefile                           |   1 +
 contrib/ctidscan/Makefile                  |  14 +
 contrib/ctidscan/ctidscan.c                | 760 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 doc/src/sgml/contrib.sgml                  |   1 +
 doc/src/sgml/ctidscan.sgml                 | 107 ++++
 doc/src/sgml/filelist.sgml                 |   1 +
 src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c      |   5 +-
 src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c       |   2 +-
 src/include/catalog/pg_operator.h          |   4 +
 src/include/optimizer/cost.h               |   3 +
 src/include/optimizer/planmain.h           |   1 +
 src/test/regress/GNUmakefile               |  15 +-
 src/test/regress/input/custom_scan.source  |  49 ++
 src/test/regress/output/custom_scan.source | 290 +++++++++++
 src/test/regress/parallel_schedule         |   2 +-
 src/test/regress/serial_schedule           |   1 +
 16 files changed, 1247 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/contrib/Makefile b/contrib/Makefile
index 8a2a937..703e5a5 100644
--- a/contrib/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/Makefile
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ SUBDIRS = \
 		btree_gist	\
 		chkpass		\
 		citext		\
+		ctidscan	\
 		cube		\
 		dblink		\
 		dict_int	\
diff --git a/contrib/ctidscan/Makefile b/contrib/ctidscan/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..708c5b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/ctidscan/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# contrib/ctidscan/Makefile
+
+MODULES = ctidscan
+
+ifdef USE_PGXS
+PG_CONFIG = pg_config
+PGXS := $(shell $(PG_CONFIG) --pgxs)
+include $(PGXS)
+else
+subdir = contrib/ctidscan
+top_builddir = ../..
+include $(top_builddir)/src/Makefile.global
+include $(top_srcdir)/contrib/contrib-global.mk
+endif
diff --git a/contrib/ctidscan/ctidscan.c b/contrib/ctidscan/ctidscan.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c6e6c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/ctidscan/ctidscan.c
@@ -0,0 +1,760 @@
+/*
+ * ctidscan.c
+ *
+ * Definition of Custom TidScan implementation.
+ *
+ * It is designed to demonstrate Custom Scan APIs; that allows to override
+ * a part of executor node. This extension focus on a workload that tries
+ * to fetch records with tid larger or less than a particular value.
+ * In case when inequality operators were given, this module construct
+ * a custom scan path that enables to skip records not to be read. Then,
+ * if it was the chepest one, it shall be used to run the query.
+ * Custom Scan APIs callbacks this extension when executor tries to fetch
+ * underlying records, then it utilizes existing heap_getnext() but seek
+ * the records to be read prior to fetching the first record.
+ *
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 2013, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ */
+#include "postgres.h"
+#include "access/relscan.h"
+#include "access/sysattr.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_operator.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
+#include "executor/nodeCustom.h"
+#include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
+#include "optimizer/clauses.h"
+#include "optimizer/cost.h"
+#include "optimizer/paths.h"
+#include "optimizer/pathnode.h"
+#include "optimizer/planmain.h"
+#include "optimizer/restrictinfo.h"
+#include "storage/bufmgr.h"
+#include "storage/itemptr.h"
+#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
+#include "utils/rel.h"
+#include "utils/spccache.h"
+
+extern void		_PG_init(void);
+
+PG_MODULE_MAGIC;
+
+static add_scan_path_hook_type	add_scan_path_next;
+
+#define IsCTIDVar(node,rtindex)											\
+	((node) != NULL &&													\
+	 IsA((node), Var) &&												\
+	 ((Var *) (node))->varno == (rtindex) &&							\
+	 ((Var *) (node))->varattno == SelfItemPointerAttributeNumber &&	\
+	 ((Var *) (node))->varlevelsup == 0)
+
+/*
+ * CTidQualFromExpr
+ *
+ * It checks whether the given restriction clauses enables to determine
+ * the zone to be scanned, or not. If one or more restriction clauses are
+ * available, it returns a list of them, or NIL elsewhere.
+ * The caller can consider all the conditions are chainned with AND-
+ * boolean operator, so all the operator works for narrowing down the
+ * scope of custom tid scan.
+ */
+static List *
+CTidQualFromExpr(Node *expr, int varno)
+{
+	if (is_opclause(expr))
+	{
+		OpExpr *op = (OpExpr *) expr;
+		Node   *arg1;
+		Node   *arg2;
+		Node   *other = NULL;
+
+		/* only inequality operators are candidate */
+		if (op->opno != TIDLessOperator &&
+			op->opno != TIDLessEqualOperator &&
+			op->opno != TIDGreaterOperator &&
+			op->opno != TIDGreaterEqualOperator)
+			return NULL;
+
+		if (list_length(op->args) != 2)
+			return false;
+
+		arg1 = linitial(op->args);
+		arg2 = lsecond(op->args);
+
+		if (IsCTIDVar(arg1, varno))
+			other = arg2;
+		else if (IsCTIDVar(arg2, varno))
+			other = arg1;
+		else
+			return NULL;
+		if (exprType(other) != TIDOID)
+			return NULL;	/* probably can't happen */
+		/* The other argument must be a pseudoconstant */
+		if (!is_pseudo_constant_clause(other))
+			return NULL;
+
+		return list_make1(copyObject(op));
+	}
+	else if (and_clause(expr))
+	{
+		List	   *rlst = NIL;
+		ListCell   *lc;
+
+		foreach(lc, ((BoolExpr *) expr)->args)
+		{
+			List   *temp = CTidQualFromExpr((Node *) lfirst(lc), varno);
+
+			rlst = list_concat(rlst, temp);
+		}
+		return rlst;
+	}
+	return NIL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * CTidEstimateCosts
+ *
+ * It estimates cost to scan the target relation according to the given
+ * restriction clauses. Its logic to scan relations are almost same as
+ * SeqScan doing, because it uses regular heap_getnext(), except for
+ * the number of tuples to be scanned if restriction clauses work well.
+*/
+static void
+CTidEstimateCosts(PlannerInfo *root,
+				  RelOptInfo *baserel,
+				  CustomPath *cpath)
+{
+	List	   *ctidquals = cpath->custom_private;
+	ListCell   *lc;
+	double		ntuples;
+	ItemPointerData ip_min;
+	ItemPointerData ip_max;
+	bool		has_min_val = false;
+	bool		has_max_val = false;
+	BlockNumber	num_pages;
+	Cost		startup_cost = 0;
+	Cost		run_cost = 0;
+	Cost		cpu_per_tuple;
+	QualCost	qpqual_cost;
+	QualCost	ctid_qual_cost;
+	double		spc_random_page_cost;
+
+	/* Should only be applied to base relations */
+	Assert(baserel->relid > 0);
+	Assert(baserel->rtekind == RTE_RELATION);
+
+	/* Mark the path with the correct row estimate */
+	if (cpath->path.param_info)
+		cpath->path.rows = cpath->path.param_info->ppi_rows;
+	else
+		cpath->path.rows = baserel->rows;
+
+	/* Estimate how many tuples we may retrieve */
+	ItemPointerSet(&ip_min, 0, 0);
+	ItemPointerSet(&ip_max, MaxBlockNumber, MaxOffsetNumber);
+	foreach (lc, ctidquals)
+	{
+		OpExpr	   *op = lfirst(lc);
+		Oid			opno;
+		Node	   *other;
+
+		Assert(is_opclause(op));
+		if (IsCTIDVar(linitial(op->args), baserel->relid))
+		{
+			opno = op->opno;
+			other = lsecond(op->args);
+		}
+		else if (IsCTIDVar(lsecond(op->args), baserel->relid))
+		{
+			/* To simplifies, we assume as if Var node is 1st argument */
+			opno = get_commutator(op->opno);
+			other = linitial(op->args);
+		}
+		else
+			elog(ERROR, "could not identify CTID variable");
+
+		if (IsA(other, Const))
+		{
+			ItemPointer	ip = (ItemPointer)(((Const *) other)->constvalue);
+
+			/*
+			 * Just an rough estimation, we don't distinct inequality and
+			 * inequality-or-equal operator.
+			 */
+			switch (opno)
+			{
+				case TIDLessOperator:
+				case TIDLessEqualOperator:
+					if (ItemPointerCompare(ip, &ip_max) < 0)
+						ItemPointerCopy(ip, &ip_max);
+					has_max_val = true;
+					break;
+				case TIDGreaterOperator:
+				case TIDGreaterEqualOperator:
+					if (ItemPointerCompare(ip, &ip_min) > 0)
+						ItemPointerCopy(ip, &ip_min);
+					has_min_val = true;
+					break;
+				default:
+					elog(ERROR, "unexpected operator code: %u", op->opno);
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* estimated number of tuples in this relation */
+	ntuples = baserel->pages * baserel->tuples;
+
+	if (has_min_val && has_max_val)
+	{
+		/* case of both side being bounded */
+		BlockNumber	bnum_max = BlockIdGetBlockNumber(&ip_max.ip_blkid);
+		BlockNumber	bnum_min = BlockIdGetBlockNumber(&ip_min.ip_blkid);
+
+		bnum_max = Min(bnum_max, baserel->pages);
+		bnum_min = Max(bnum_min, 0);
+		num_pages = Min(bnum_max - bnum_min + 1, 1);
+	}
+	else if (has_min_val)
+	{
+		/* case of only lower side being bounded */
+		BlockNumber	bnum_max = baserel->pages;
+		BlockNumber	bnum_min = BlockIdGetBlockNumber(&ip_min.ip_blkid);
+
+		bnum_min = Max(bnum_min, 0);
+		num_pages = Min(bnum_max - bnum_min + 1, 1);
+	}
+	else if (has_max_val)
+	{
+		/* case of only upper side being bounded */
+		BlockNumber	bnum_max = BlockIdGetBlockNumber(&ip_max.ip_blkid);
+		BlockNumber	bnum_min = 0;
+
+		bnum_max = Min(bnum_max, baserel->pages);
+		num_pages = Min(bnum_max - bnum_min + 1, 1);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Just a rough estimation. We assume half of records shall be
+		 * read using this restriction clause, but undeterministic untill
+		 * executor run it actually.
+		 */
+		num_pages = Max((baserel->pages + 1) / 2, 1);
+	}
+	ntuples *= ((double) num_pages) / ((double) baserel->pages);
+
+	/*
+	 * The TID qual expressions will be computed once, any other baserestrict
+	 * quals once per retrived tuple.
+	 */
+	cost_qual_eval(&ctid_qual_cost, ctidquals, root);
+
+	/* fetch estimated page cost for tablespace containing table */
+	get_tablespace_page_costs(baserel->reltablespace,
+							  &spc_random_page_cost,
+							  NULL);
+
+	/* disk costs --- assume each tuple on a different page */
+	run_cost += spc_random_page_cost * ntuples;
+
+	/* Add scanning CPU costs */
+	get_restriction_qual_cost(root, baserel,
+							  cpath->path.param_info,
+							  &qpqual_cost);
+
+	/*
+	 * We don't decrease cost for the inequality operators, because
+	 * it is subset of qpquals and still in.
+	 */
+	startup_cost += qpqual_cost.startup + ctid_qual_cost.per_tuple;
+	cpu_per_tuple = cpu_tuple_cost + qpqual_cost.per_tuple -
+		ctid_qual_cost.per_tuple;
+	run_cost = cpu_per_tuple * ntuples;
+
+	cpath->path.startup_cost = startup_cost;
+	cpath->path.total_cost = startup_cost + run_cost;
+}
+
+/*
+ * CTidAddScanPath
+ *
+ * It adds a custom scan path if inequality operators are given on the
+ * relation to be scanned and makes sense to reduce number of tuples.
+ */
+static void
+CTidAddScanPath(PlannerInfo *root,
+				RelOptInfo *baserel,
+				RangeTblEntry *rte)
+{
+	char		relkind;
+	List	   *rlst = NIL;
+	ListCell   *lc;
+
+	/* Gives another extensions chance to add a path */
+	if (add_scan_path_next)
+		(*add_scan_path_next)(root, baserel, rte);
+
+	/* All we support is regular relations */
+	if (rte->rtekind != RTE_RELATION)
+		return;
+	relkind = get_rel_relkind(rte->relid);
+	if (relkind != RELKIND_RELATION &&
+		relkind != RELKIND_MATVIEW &&
+		relkind != RELKIND_TOASTVALUE)
+		return;
+
+	/* walk on the restrict info */
+	foreach (lc, baserel->baserestrictinfo)
+	{
+		RestrictInfo *rinfo = (RestrictInfo *) lfirst(lc);
+		List		 *temp;
+
+		if (!IsA(rinfo, RestrictInfo))
+			continue;		/* probably should never happen */
+		temp = CTidQualFromExpr((Node *) rinfo->clause, baserel->relid);
+		rlst = list_concat(rlst, temp);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * OK, it is case when a part of restriction clause makes sense to
+	 * reduce number of tuples, so we will add a custom scan path being
+	 * provided by this module.
+	 */
+	if (rlst != NIL)
+	{
+		CustomPath *cpath = makeNode(CustomPath);
+		Relids		required_outer;
+
+		/*
+		 * We don't support pushing join clauses into the quals of a ctidscan,
+		 * but it could still have required parameterization due to LATERAL
+		 * refs in its tlist.
+		 */
+		required_outer = baserel->lateral_relids;
+
+		cpath->path.pathtype = T_CustomScan;
+		cpath->path.parent = baserel;
+		cpath->path.param_info = get_baserel_parampathinfo(root, baserel,
+														   required_outer);
+		cpath->custom_name = pstrdup("ctidscan");
+		cpath->custom_flags = CUSTOM__SUPPORT_BACKWARD_SCAN;
+		cpath->custom_private = rlst;
+
+		CTidEstimateCosts(root, baserel, cpath);
+
+		add_path(baserel, &cpath->path);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * CTidInitCustomScanPlan
+ *
+ * It initializes the given CustomScan plan object according to the CustomPath
+ * being choosen by the optimizer.
+ */
+static void
+CTidInitCustomScanPlan(PlannerInfo *root,
+					   CustomScan *cscan_plan,
+					   CustomPath *cscan_path,
+					   List *tlist,
+					   List *scan_clauses)
+{
+	List	   *ctidquals = cscan_path->custom_private;
+
+	/* should be a base relation */
+	Assert(cscan_path->path.parent->relid > 0);
+	Assert(cscan_path->path.parent->rtekind == RTE_RELATION);
+
+	/* Reduce RestrictInfo list to bare expressions; ignore pseudoconstants */
+	scan_clauses = extract_actual_clauses(scan_clauses, false);
+
+	/*
+	 * Most of initialization stuff was done at nodeCustomScan.c. So, all
+	 * we need to do is to put clauses that were little bit adjusted and
+	 * private stuff; list of restriction clauses in this case.
+	 */
+	cscan_plan->scan.plan.targetlist = tlist;
+	cscan_plan->scan.plan.qual = scan_clauses;
+	cscan_plan->custom_private = ctidquals;
+}
+
+/*
+ * CTidScanState
+ *
+ * State of custom-tid scan during its execution.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+	Index			scanrelid;		/* range table index of the relation */
+	ItemPointerData	ip_min;			/* minimum ItemPointer */
+	ItemPointerData	ip_max;			/* maximum ItemPointer */
+	int32			ip_min_comp;	/* comparison policy to ip_min */
+	int32			ip_max_comp;	/* comparison policy to ip_max */
+	bool			ip_needs_eval;	/* true, if needs to seek again */
+	List		   *ctid_quals;		/* list of ExprState for inequality ops */
+} CTidScanState;
+
+static bool
+CTidEvalScanZone(CustomScanState *node)
+{
+	CTidScanState  *ctss = node->custom_state;
+	ExprContext	   *econtext = node->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext;
+	ListCell	   *lc;
+
+	/*
+	 * See ItemPointerCompare(), ip_max_comp shall be usually either 1 or
+	 * 0 if tid of fetched records are larger than or equal with ip_min.
+	 * To detect end of scan, we shall check whether the result of
+	 * ItemPointerCompare() is less than ip_max_comp, so it never touch
+	 * the point if ip_max_comp is -1, because all the result is either
+	 * 1, 0 or -1. So, it is same as "open ended" as if no termination
+	 * condition was set.
+	 */
+	ctss->ip_min_comp = -1;
+	ctss->ip_max_comp = 1;
+
+	/* Walks on the inequality operators */
+	foreach (lc, ctss->ctid_quals)
+	{
+		FuncExprState  *fexstate = (FuncExprState *) lfirst(lc);
+		OpExpr		   *op = (OpExpr *)fexstate->xprstate.expr;
+		Node		   *arg1 = linitial(op->args);
+		Node		   *arg2 = lsecond(op->args);
+		Oid				opno;
+		ExprState	   *exstate;
+		ItemPointer		itemptr;
+		bool			isnull;
+
+		if (IsCTIDVar(arg1, ctss->scanrelid))
+		{
+			exstate = (ExprState *) lsecond(fexstate->args);
+			opno = op->opno;
+		}
+		else if (IsCTIDVar(arg2, ctss->scanrelid))
+		{
+			exstate = (ExprState *) linitial(fexstate->args);
+			opno = get_commutator(op->opno);
+		}
+		else
+			elog(ERROR, "could not identify CTID variable");
+
+		itemptr = (ItemPointer)
+			DatumGetPointer(ExecEvalExprSwitchContext(exstate,
+													  econtext,
+													  &isnull,
+													  NULL));
+		if (!isnull)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * OK, we could calculate a particular TID that should be
+			 * larger than, less than or equal with fetched record, thus,
+			 * it allows to determine upper or lower bounds of this scan.
+			 */
+			switch (opno)
+			{
+				case TIDLessOperator:
+					if (ctss->ip_max_comp > 0 ||
+						ItemPointerCompare(itemptr, &ctss->ip_max) <= 0)
+					{
+						ItemPointerCopy(itemptr, &ctss->ip_max);
+						ctss->ip_max_comp = -1;
+					}
+					break;
+				case TIDLessEqualOperator:
+					if (ctss->ip_max_comp > 0 ||
+						ItemPointerCompare(itemptr, &ctss->ip_max) < 0)
+					{
+						ItemPointerCopy(itemptr, &ctss->ip_max);
+						ctss->ip_max_comp = 0;
+					}
+					break;
+				case TIDGreaterOperator:
+					if (ctss->ip_min_comp < 0 ||
+						ItemPointerCompare(itemptr, &ctss->ip_min) >= 0)
+					{
+						ItemPointerCopy(itemptr, &ctss->ip_min);
+						ctss->ip_min_comp = 0;
+					}
+					break;
+				case TIDGreaterEqualOperator:
+					if (ctss->ip_min_comp < 0 ||
+						ItemPointerCompare(itemptr, &ctss->ip_min) > 0)
+					{
+						ItemPointerCopy(itemptr, &ctss->ip_min);
+						ctss->ip_min_comp = 1;
+					}
+					break;
+				default:
+					elog(ERROR, "unsupported operator");
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Whole of the restriction clauses chainned with AND- boolean
+			 * operators because false, if one of the clauses has NULL result.
+			 * So, we can immediately break the evaluation to inform caller
+			 * it does not make sense to scan any more.
+			 */
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * CTidBeginCustomScan
+ *
+ * It initializes the given CustomScanState according to the CustomScan plan.
+ */
+static void
+CTidBeginCustomScan(CustomScanState *node, int eflags)
+{
+	CustomScan	   *cscan = (CustomScan *)node->ss.ps.plan;
+	Index			scanrelid = ((Scan *)node->ss.ps.plan)->scanrelid;
+	EState		   *estate = node->ss.ps.state;
+	CTidScanState  *ctss;
+
+	/* Do nothing anymore in EXPLAIN (no ANALYZE) case. */
+	if (eflags & EXEC_FLAG_EXPLAIN_ONLY)
+		return;
+
+	/* Begin sequential scan, but pointer shall be seeked later */
+	node->ss.ss_currentScanDesc
+		= heap_beginscan(node->ss.ss_currentRelation,
+						 estate->es_snapshot, 0, NULL);
+
+	/* init CTidScanState */
+	ctss = palloc0(sizeof(CTidScanState));
+	ctss->scanrelid = scanrelid;
+	ctss->ctid_quals = (List *)
+		ExecInitExpr((Expr *)cscan->custom_private, &node->ss.ps);
+	ctss->ip_needs_eval = true;
+
+	node->custom_state = ctss;
+}
+
+/*
+ * CTidSeekPosition
+ *
+ * It seeks current scan position into a particular point we specified.
+ * Next heap_getnext() will fetch a record from the point we seeked.
+ * It returns false, if specified position was out of range thus does not
+ * make sense to scan any mode. Elsewhere, true shall be return.
+ */
+static bool
+CTidSeekPosition(HeapScanDesc scan, ItemPointer pos, ScanDirection direction)
+{
+	BlockNumber		bnum = BlockIdGetBlockNumber(&pos->ip_blkid);
+	ItemPointerData	save_mctid;
+	int				save_mindex;
+
+	Assert(direction == BackwardScanDirection ||
+		   direction == ForwardScanDirection);
+
+	/*
+	 * In case when block-number is out of the range, it is obvious that
+	 * no tuples shall be fetched if forward scan direction. On the other
+	 * hand, we have nothing special for backward scan direction.
+	 * Note that heap_getnext() shall return NULL tuple just after
+	 * heap_rescan() if NoMovementScanDirection is given. Caller of this
+	 * function override scan direction if 'true' was returned, so it makes
+	 * this scan terminated immediately.
+	 */
+	if (bnum >= scan->rs_nblocks)
+	{
+		heap_rescan(scan, NULL);
+		/* Termination of this scan immediately */
+		if (direction == ForwardScanDirection)
+			return true;
+		/* Elsewhere, backward scan from the beginning */
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/* save the marked position */
+	ItemPointerCopy(&scan->rs_mctid, &save_mctid);
+	save_mindex = scan->rs_mindex;
+
+	/*
+	 * Ensure the block that includes the position shall be loaded on
+	 * heap_restrpos(). Because heap_restrpos() internally calls
+	 * heapgettup() or heapgettup_pagemode() that kicks heapgetpage()
+	 * when rs_cblock is different from the block number being pointed
+	 * by rs_mctid, it makes sense to put invalid block number not to
+	 * match previous value.
+	 */
+	scan->rs_cblock = InvalidBlockNumber;
+
+	/* Put a pseudo value as if heap_markpos() save a position. */
+	ItemPointerCopy(pos, &scan->rs_mctid);
+	if (scan->rs_pageatatime)
+		scan->rs_mindex = ItemPointerGetOffsetNumber(pos) - 1;
+
+	/* Seek to the point */
+	heap_restrpos(scan);
+
+	/* restore the marked position */
+	ItemPointerCopy(&save_mctid, &scan->rs_mctid);
+	scan->rs_mindex = save_mindex;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * CTidAccessCustomScan
+ *
+ * Access method of ExecScan(). It fetches a tuple from the underlying heap
+ * scan that was started from the point according to the tid clauses.
+ */
+static TupleTableSlot *
+CTidAccessCustomScan(CustomScanState *node)
+{
+	CTidScanState  *ctss = node->custom_state;
+	HeapScanDesc	scan = node->ss.ss_currentScanDesc;
+	TupleTableSlot *slot = node->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot;
+	EState		   *estate = node->ss.ps.state;
+	ScanDirection	direction = estate->es_direction;
+	HeapTuple		tuple;
+
+	if (ctss->ip_needs_eval)
+	{
+		/* It terminates this scan, if result set shall be obvious empty. */
+		if (!CTidEvalScanZone(node))
+			return NULL;
+
+		if (direction == ForwardScanDirection)
+		{
+			/* seek to the point if min-tid was obvious */
+			if (ctss->ip_min_comp != -1)
+			{
+				if (CTidSeekPosition(scan, &ctss->ip_min, direction))
+					direction = NoMovementScanDirection;
+			}
+			else if (scan->rs_inited)
+				heap_rescan(scan, NULL);
+		}
+		else if (direction == BackwardScanDirection)
+		{
+			/* seel to the point if max-tid was obvious */
+			if (ctss->ip_max_comp != 1)
+			{
+				if (CTidSeekPosition(scan, &ctss->ip_max, direction))
+					direction = NoMovementScanDirection;
+			}
+			else if (scan->rs_inited)
+				heap_rescan(scan, NULL);
+		}
+		else
+			elog(ERROR, "unexpected scan direction");
+
+		ctss->ip_needs_eval = false;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * get the next tuple from the table
+	 */
+	tuple = heap_getnext(scan, direction);
+	if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * check whether the fetched tuple reached to the upper bound
+	 * if forward scan, or the lower bound if backward scan.
+	 */
+	if (direction == ForwardScanDirection)
+	{
+		if (ItemPointerCompare(&tuple->t_self,
+							   &ctss->ip_max) > ctss->ip_max_comp)
+			return NULL;
+	}
+	else if (direction == BackwardScanDirection)
+	{
+		if (ItemPointerCompare(&scan->rs_ctup.t_self,
+							   &ctss->ip_min) < ctss->ip_min_comp)
+			return NULL;
+	}
+	ExecStoreTuple(tuple, slot, scan->rs_cbuf, false);
+
+	return slot;
+}
+
+/*
+ * CTidRecheckCustomScan
+ *
+ * Recheck method of ExecScan(). We don't need recheck logic.
+ */
+static bool
+CTidRecheckCustomScan(CustomScanState *node, TupleTableSlot *slot)
+{
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * CTidExecCustomScan
+ *
+ * It fetches a tuple from the underlying heap scan, according to
+ * the Execscan() manner.
+ */
+static TupleTableSlot *
+CTidExecCustomScan(CustomScanState *node)
+{
+	return ExecScan(&node->ss,
+					(ExecScanAccessMtd) CTidAccessCustomScan,
+					(ExecScanRecheckMtd) CTidRecheckCustomScan);
+}
+
+/*
+ * CTidEndCustomScan
+ *
+ * It terminates custom tid scan.
+ */
+static void
+CTidEndCustomScan(CustomScanState *node)
+{
+	CTidScanState  *ctss = node->custom_state;
+
+	/* if ctss != NULL, we started underlying heap-scan */
+	if (ctss)
+		heap_endscan(node->ss.ss_currentScanDesc);
+}
+
+/*
+ * CTidReScanCustomScan
+ *
+ * It rewinds current position of the scan. Setting ip_needs_eval indicates
+ * to calculate the starting point again and rewinds underlying heap scan
+ * on the next ExecScan timing.
+ */
+static void
+CTidReScanCustomScan(CustomScanState *node)
+{
+	CTidScanState  *ctss = node->custom_state;
+
+	ctss->ip_needs_eval = true;
+
+	ExecScanReScan(&node->ss);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Entrypoint of this extension
+ */
+void
+_PG_init(void)
+{
+	CustomProvider		provider;
+
+	/* registration of callback on add scan path */
+	add_scan_path_next = add_scan_path_hook;
+	add_scan_path_hook = CTidAddScanPath;
+
+	/* registration of custom scan provider */
+	memset(&provider, 0, sizeof(provider));
+	snprintf(provider.name, sizeof(provider.name), "ctidscan");
+	provider.InitCustomScanPlan   = CTidInitCustomScanPlan;
+	provider.BeginCustomScan      = CTidBeginCustomScan;
+	provider.ExecCustomScan       = CTidExecCustomScan;
+	provider.EndCustomScan        = CTidEndCustomScan;
+	provider.ReScanCustomScan     = CTidReScanCustomScan;
+
+	register_custom_provider(&provider);
+}
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/contrib.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/contrib.sgml
index dd8e09e..4f23b74 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/contrib.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/contrib.sgml
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ CREATE EXTENSION <replaceable>module_name</> FROM unpackaged;
  &btree-gist;
  &chkpass;
  &citext;
+ &ctidscan;
  &cube;
  &dblink;
  &dict-int;
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ctidscan.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ctidscan.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60081f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ctidscan.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+<!-- doc/src/sgml/ctidscan.sgml -->
+
+<sect1 id="ctidscan" xreflabel="ctidscan">
+ <title>lo</title>
+
+ <indexterm zone="ctidscan">
+  <primary>ctidscan</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+
+ <para>
+  The <filename>ctidscan</> module provides an additional logic to scan
+  regular relations if <literal>WHERE</> clause contains inequality
+  operators that compares something with <literal>ctid</> system column.
+  It also performs as a proof-of-concept implementation that works on
+  the custom-scan APIs that enables to extend the core executor system.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect2>
+  <title>Overview</title>
+  <para>
+   Once this module is loaded, it registers itself as a custom-scan provider.
+   It allows to provide an additional scan path on regular relations using
+   qualifiers that reference <literal>ctid</> system column.
+  </para>
+  <para>
+   For example, the query below usually falls to sequential scan if this
+   module was not loaded.
+<programlisting>
+SELECT ctid,* FROM my_table WHERE ctid > '(100,0)'::tid;
+</programlisting>
+   On the other hand, <filename>ctidscan</> module can construct an alternative
+   scan plan utilizing inequality operators that involve <literal>ctid</> 
+   system column, to reduce number of rows to be processed.
+   It does not make sense obviously to read tuples within pages being located
+   on 99th page or prior. So, it seeks the internal pointer to scan into
+   <literal>(100,0)</> at beginning of the scan, even though it internally
+   uses same logic with sequential scan.
+  </para>
+  <para>
+   Usually, <productname>PostgreSQL</> runs queries with inequality operators
+   that involves <literal>ctid</> system column using sequential scan, as
+   follows.
+<programlisting>
+postgres=# EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ctid > '(100,0)'::tid;
+                       QUERY PLAN
+--------------------------------------------------------
+ Seq Scan on t1  (cost=0.00..209.00 rows=3333 width=37)
+   Filter: (ctid > '(100,0)'::tid)
+(2 rows)
+</programlisting>
+   It works well except for the waste of i/o loads on the pages that contains
+   the records to be skipped.
+  </para>
+  <para>
+   On the other hands, an alternative scan path implemented with
+   <filename>ctidscan</> provides more efficient way; that skips the first
+   100 pages prior to sequencial scan, as follows.
+<programlisting>
+postgres=# load 'ctidscan';
+LOAD
+postgres=# EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ctid > '(100,0)'::tid;
+                              QUERY PLAN
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Custom Scan (ctidscan) on t1  (cost=0.00..100.00 rows=3333 width=37)
+   Filter: (ctid > '(100,0)'::tid)
+(2 rows)
+</programlisting>
+   The optimizer internally compares all the candidates of scan paths, then
+   chooses a path with cheapest cost. The custom-scan path provided by
+   <filename>ctidscan</> is usually cheaper than sequential scan because of
+   smaller number of tuples to be processed.
+  </para>
+  <para>
+   Of course, it shall not be choosen if we have more cheaper path than the
+   above custom-scan path. Index-scan based on equality operation is usually
+   cheaper than this custom-scan, so optimizer adopts it instead of sequential
+   scan or custom scan provided by <filename>ctidscan</> for instance.
+<programlisting>
+postgres=# EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ctid > '(100,0)'::tid AND a = 100;
+                            QUERY PLAN
+-------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Index Scan using t1_pkey on t1  (cost=0.29..8.30 rows=1 width=37)
+   Index Cond: (a = 100)
+   Filter: (ctid > '(100,0)'::tid)
+(3 rows)
+</programlisting>
+  </para>
+  <para>
+   Its usage is quite simple. All you need to do is, loading
+   the <filename>ctidscan</> into <productname>PostgreSQL</> using
+   <xref linkend="sql-load"> command,
+   <xref linkend="guc-shared-preload-libraries"> or
+   <xref linkend="guc-local-preload-libraries"> parameter, according to
+   your convenience.
+  </para>
+  <para>
+   We have no configurable parameter in this module, right now.
+  </para>
+ </sect2>
+ <sect2>
+  <title>Author</title>
+  <para>
+   KaiGai Kohei <email>kaigai@kaigai.gr.jp</email>
+  </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+</sect1>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/filelist.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/filelist.sgml
index 1e96829..0dfbdcc 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/filelist.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/filelist.sgml
@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@
 <!ENTITY btree-gist      SYSTEM "btree-gist.sgml">
 <!ENTITY chkpass         SYSTEM "chkpass.sgml">
 <!ENTITY citext          SYSTEM "citext.sgml">
+<!ENTITY ctidscan        SYSTEM "ctidscan.sgml">
 <!ENTITY cube            SYSTEM "cube.sgml">
 <!ENTITY dblink          SYSTEM "dblink.sgml">
 <!ENTITY dict-int        SYSTEM "dict-int.sgml">
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c b/src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c
index c6010d9..33bab08 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c
@@ -130,9 +130,6 @@ static MergeScanSelCache *cached_scansel(PlannerInfo *root,
 static void cost_rescan(PlannerInfo *root, Path *path,
 			Cost *rescan_startup_cost, Cost *rescan_total_cost);
 static bool cost_qual_eval_walker(Node *node, cost_qual_eval_context *context);
-static void get_restriction_qual_cost(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *baserel,
-						  ParamPathInfo *param_info,
-						  QualCost *qpqual_cost);
 static bool has_indexed_join_quals(NestPath *joinpath);
 static double approx_tuple_count(PlannerInfo *root, JoinPath *path,
 				   List *quals);
@@ -3201,7 +3198,7 @@ cost_qual_eval_walker(Node *node, cost_qual_eval_context *context)
  * some of the quals.  We assume baserestrictcost was previously set by
  * set_baserel_size_estimates().
  */
-static void
+void
 get_restriction_qual_cost(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *baserel,
 						  ParamPathInfo *param_info,
 						  QualCost *qpqual_cost)
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c
index 1af5469..630c8e7 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c
@@ -1081,7 +1081,7 @@ copyVar(Var *var)
  * We assume it's okay to update opcode info in-place.  So this could possibly
  * scribble on the planner's input data structures, but it's OK.
  */
-static void
+void
 fix_expr_common(PlannerInfo *root, Node *node)
 {
 	/* We assume callers won't call us on a NULL pointer */
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_operator.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_operator.h
index 78efaa5..b040334 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_operator.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_operator.h
@@ -159,15 +159,19 @@ DESCR("equal");
 #define TIDEqualOperator   387
 DATA(insert OID = 402 (  "<>"	   PGNSP PGUID b f f	27	27	16 402 387 tidne neqsel neqjoinsel ));
 DESCR("not equal");
+#define TIDNotEqualOperator	402
 DATA(insert OID = 2799 (  "<"	   PGNSP PGUID b f f	27	27	16 2800 2802 tidlt scalarltsel scalarltjoinsel ));
 DESCR("less than");
 #define TIDLessOperator    2799
 DATA(insert OID = 2800 (  ">"	   PGNSP PGUID b f f	27	27	16 2799 2801 tidgt scalargtsel scalargtjoinsel ));
 DESCR("greater than");
+#define TIDGreaterOperator		2800
 DATA(insert OID = 2801 (  "<="	   PGNSP PGUID b f f	27	27	16 2802 2800 tidle scalarltsel scalarltjoinsel ));
 DESCR("less than or equal");
+#define TIDLessEqualOperator	2801
 DATA(insert OID = 2802 (  ">="	   PGNSP PGUID b f f	27	27	16 2801 2799 tidge scalargtsel scalargtjoinsel ));
 DESCR("greater than or equal");
+#define TIDGreaterEqualOperator	2802
 
 DATA(insert OID = 410 ( "="		   PGNSP PGUID b t t	20	20	16 410 411 int8eq eqsel eqjoinsel ));
 DESCR("equal");
diff --git a/src/include/optimizer/cost.h b/src/include/optimizer/cost.h
index 444ab740..a2873ec 100644
--- a/src/include/optimizer/cost.h
+++ b/src/include/optimizer/cost.h
@@ -145,6 +145,9 @@ extern void final_cost_hashjoin(PlannerInfo *root, HashPath *path,
 extern void cost_subplan(PlannerInfo *root, SubPlan *subplan, Plan *plan);
 extern void cost_qual_eval(QualCost *cost, List *quals, PlannerInfo *root);
 extern void cost_qual_eval_node(QualCost *cost, Node *qual, PlannerInfo *root);
+extern void get_restriction_qual_cost(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *baserel,
+						  ParamPathInfo *param_info,
+						  QualCost *qpqual_cost);
 extern void compute_semi_anti_join_factors(PlannerInfo *root,
 							   RelOptInfo *outerrel,
 							   RelOptInfo *innerrel,
diff --git a/src/include/optimizer/planmain.h b/src/include/optimizer/planmain.h
index ba7ae7c..13cfba8 100644
--- a/src/include/optimizer/planmain.h
+++ b/src/include/optimizer/planmain.h
@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ extern List *remove_useless_joins(PlannerInfo *root, List *joinlist);
  * prototypes for plan/setrefs.c
  */
 extern Plan *set_plan_references(PlannerInfo *root, Plan *plan);
+extern void fix_expr_common(PlannerInfo *root, Node *node);
 extern void fix_opfuncids(Node *node);
 extern void set_opfuncid(OpExpr *opexpr);
 extern void set_sa_opfuncid(ScalarArrayOpExpr *opexpr);
diff --git a/src/test/regress/GNUmakefile b/src/test/regress/GNUmakefile
index d5935b6..9645025 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/GNUmakefile
+++ b/src/test/regress/GNUmakefile
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ regress_data_files = \
 
 install-tests: all install install-lib installdirs-tests
 	$(MAKE) -C $(top_builddir)/contrib/spi install
+	$(MAKE) -C $(top_builddir)/contrib/ctidscan install
 	for file in $(regress_data_files); do \
 	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$file '$(DESTDIR)$(pkglibdir)/regress/'$$file || exit; \
 	done
@@ -98,9 +99,9 @@ installdirs-tests: installdirs
 	$(MKDIR_P)  $(patsubst $(srcdir)/%/,'$(DESTDIR)$(pkglibdir)/regress/%',$(sort $(dir $(regress_data_files))))
 
 
-# Get some extra C modules from contrib/spi and contrib/dummy_seclabel...
+# Get some extra C modules from contrib/spi, dummy_seclabel and ctidscan
 
-all: refint$(DLSUFFIX) autoinc$(DLSUFFIX) dummy_seclabel$(DLSUFFIX)
+all: refint$(DLSUFFIX) autoinc$(DLSUFFIX) dummy_seclabel$(DLSUFFIX) ctidscan$(DLSUFFIX)
 
 refint$(DLSUFFIX): $(top_builddir)/contrib/spi/refint$(DLSUFFIX)
 	cp $< $@
@@ -111,19 +112,27 @@ autoinc$(DLSUFFIX): $(top_builddir)/contrib/spi/autoinc$(DLSUFFIX)
 dummy_seclabel$(DLSUFFIX): $(top_builddir)/contrib/dummy_seclabel/dummy_seclabel$(DLSUFFIX)
 	cp $< $@
 
+ctidscan$(DLSUFFIX): $(top_builddir)/contrib/ctidscan/ctidscan$(DLSUFFIX)
+	cp $< $@
+
 $(top_builddir)/contrib/spi/refint$(DLSUFFIX): | submake-contrib-spi ;
 
 $(top_builddir)/contrib/spi/autoinc$(DLSUFFIX): | submake-contrib-spi ;
 
 $(top_builddir)/contrib/dummy_seclabel/dummy_seclabel$(DLSUFFIX): | submake-contrib-dummy_seclabel ;
 
+$(top_builddir)/contrib/ctidscan/ctidscan$(DLSUFFIX): | submake-contrib-ctidscan
+
 submake-contrib-spi:
 	$(MAKE) -C $(top_builddir)/contrib/spi
 
 submake-contrib-dummy_seclabel:
 	$(MAKE) -C $(top_builddir)/contrib/dummy_seclabel
 
-.PHONY: submake-contrib-spi submake-contrib-dummy_seclabel
+submake-contrib-ctidscan:
+	$(MAKE) -C $(top_builddir)/contrib/ctidscan
+
+.PHONY: submake-contrib-spi submake-contrib-dummy_seclabel submake-contrib-ctidscan
 
 # Tablespace setup
 
diff --git a/src/test/regress/input/custom_scan.source b/src/test/regress/input/custom_scan.source
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ad0e7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/regress/input/custom_scan.source
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+--
+-- Regression Tests for Custom Scan APIs
+--
+
+-- construction of test data
+SET client_min_messages TO 'warning';
+
+CREATE SCHEMA regtest_custom_scan;
+
+SET search_path TO regtest_custom_scan, public;
+
+CREATE TABLE t1 (
+    a   int primary key,
+    b   text
+);
+INSERT INTO t1 (SELECT s, md5(s::text) FROM generate_series(1,400) s);
+VACUUM ANALYZE t1;
+
+CREATE TABLE t2 (
+    x   int primary key,
+    y   text
+);
+INSERT INTO t2 (SELECT s, md5(s::text)||md5(s::text) FROM generate_series(1,400) s);
+VACUUM ANALYZE t2;
+
+RESET client_min_messages;
+
+--
+-- Check Plans if no special extension is loaded.
+--
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a = 40;
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b like '%789%';
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ctid = '(2,10)'::tid;
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ctid BETWEEN '(2,115)'::tid AND '(3,10)'::tid;
+
+LOAD '@libdir@/ctidscan@DLSUFFIX@';
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a = 40;
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b like '%789%';
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ctid = '(2,10)'::tid;
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ctid BETWEEN '(2,115)'::tid AND '(3,10)'::tid;
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t2 ON t1.ctid = t2.ctid WHERE t1.ctid < '(2,10)'::tid AND t2.ctid > '(1,75)'::tid;
+
+SELECT ctid,* FROM t1 WHERE ctid < '(1,20)'::tid;
+SELECT ctid,* FROM t1 WHERE ctid > '(4,0)'::tid;
+SELECT ctid,* FROM t1 WHERE ctid BETWEEN '(2,115)'::tid AND '(3,10)'::tid;
+SELECT t1.ctid,* FROM t1 JOIN t2 ON t1.ctid = t2.ctid WHERE t1.ctid < '(2,10)'::tid AND t2.ctid > '(1,75)'::tid;
+
+-- Test creanup
+DROP SCHEMA regtest_custom_scan CASCADE;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/test/regress/output/custom_scan.source b/src/test/regress/output/custom_scan.source
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..09c1bda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/regress/output/custom_scan.source
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+--
+-- Regression Tests for Custom Scan APIs
+--
+-- construction of test data
+SET client_min_messages TO 'warning';
+CREATE SCHEMA regtest_custom_scan;
+SET search_path TO regtest_custom_scan, public;
+CREATE TABLE t1 (
+    a   int primary key,
+    b   text
+);
+INSERT INTO t1 (SELECT s, md5(s::text) FROM generate_series(1,400) s);
+VACUUM ANALYZE t1;
+CREATE TABLE t2 (
+    x   int primary key,
+    y   text
+);
+INSERT INTO t2 (SELECT s, md5(s::text)||md5(s::text) FROM generate_series(1,400) s);
+VACUUM ANALYZE t2;
+RESET client_min_messages;
+--
+-- Check Plans if no special extension is loaded.
+--
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a = 40;
+           QUERY PLAN           
+--------------------------------
+ Index Scan using t1_pkey on t1
+   Index Cond: (a = 40)
+(2 rows)
+
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b like '%789%';
+           QUERY PLAN           
+--------------------------------
+ Seq Scan on t1
+   Filter: (b ~~ '%789%'::text)
+(2 rows)
+
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ctid = '(2,10)'::tid;
+             QUERY PLAN             
+------------------------------------
+ Tid Scan on t1
+   TID Cond: (ctid = '(2,10)'::tid)
+(2 rows)
+
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ctid BETWEEN '(2,115)'::tid AND '(3,10)'::tid;
+                            QUERY PLAN                            
+------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Seq Scan on t1
+   Filter: ((ctid >= '(2,115)'::tid) AND (ctid <= '(3,10)'::tid))
+(2 rows)
+
+LOAD '@libdir@/ctidscan@DLSUFFIX@';
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a = 40;
+           QUERY PLAN           
+--------------------------------
+ Index Scan using t1_pkey on t1
+   Index Cond: (a = 40)
+(2 rows)
+
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b like '%789%';
+           QUERY PLAN           
+--------------------------------
+ Seq Scan on t1
+   Filter: (b ~~ '%789%'::text)
+(2 rows)
+
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ctid = '(2,10)'::tid;
+             QUERY PLAN             
+------------------------------------
+ Tid Scan on t1
+   TID Cond: (ctid = '(2,10)'::tid)
+(2 rows)
+
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ctid BETWEEN '(2,115)'::tid AND '(3,10)'::tid;
+                            QUERY PLAN                            
+------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Custom Scan (ctidscan) on t1
+   Filter: ((ctid >= '(2,115)'::tid) AND (ctid <= '(3,10)'::tid))
+(2 rows)
+
+EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t2 ON t1.ctid = t2.ctid WHERE t1.ctid < '(2,10)'::tid AND t2.ctid > '(1,75)'::tid;
+                  QUERY PLAN                  
+----------------------------------------------
+ Merge Join
+   Merge Cond: (t1.ctid = t2.ctid)
+   ->  Sort
+         Sort Key: t1.ctid
+         ->  Custom Scan (ctidscan) on t1
+               Filter: (ctid < '(2,10)'::tid)
+   ->  Sort
+         Sort Key: t2.ctid
+         ->  Custom Scan (ctidscan) on t2
+               Filter: (ctid > '(1,75)'::tid)
+(10 rows)
+
+SELECT ctid,* FROM t1 WHERE ctid < '(1,20)'::tid;
+  ctid   |  a  |                b                 
+---------+-----+----------------------------------
+ (0,1)   |   1 | c4ca4238a0b923820dcc509a6f75849b
+ (0,2)   |   2 | c81e728d9d4c2f636f067f89cc14862c
+ (0,3)   |   3 | eccbc87e4b5ce2fe28308fd9f2a7baf3
+ (0,4)   |   4 | a87ff679a2f3e71d9181a67b7542122c
+ (0,5)   |   5 | e4da3b7fbbce2345d7772b0674a318d5
+ (0,6)   |   6 | 1679091c5a880faf6fb5e6087eb1b2dc
+ (0,7)   |   7 | 8f14e45fceea167a5a36dedd4bea2543
+ (0,8)   |   8 | c9f0f895fb98ab9159f51fd0297e236d
+ (0,9)   |   9 | 45c48cce2e2d7fbdea1afc51c7c6ad26
+ (0,10)  |  10 | d3d9446802a44259755d38e6d163e820
+ (0,11)  |  11 | 6512bd43d9caa6e02c990b0a82652dca
+ (0,12)  |  12 | c20ad4d76fe97759aa27a0c99bff6710
+ (0,13)  |  13 | c51ce410c124a10e0db5e4b97fc2af39
+ (0,14)  |  14 | aab3238922bcc25a6f606eb525ffdc56
+ (0,15)  |  15 | 9bf31c7ff062936a96d3c8bd1f8f2ff3
+ (0,16)  |  16 | c74d97b01eae257e44aa9d5bade97baf
+ (0,17)  |  17 | 70efdf2ec9b086079795c442636b55fb
+ (0,18)  |  18 | 6f4922f45568161a8cdf4ad2299f6d23
+ (0,19)  |  19 | 1f0e3dad99908345f7439f8ffabdffc4
+ (0,20)  |  20 | 98f13708210194c475687be6106a3b84
+ (0,21)  |  21 | 3c59dc048e8850243be8079a5c74d079
+ (0,22)  |  22 | b6d767d2f8ed5d21a44b0e5886680cb9
+ (0,23)  |  23 | 37693cfc748049e45d87b8c7d8b9aacd
+ (0,24)  |  24 | 1ff1de774005f8da13f42943881c655f
+ (0,25)  |  25 | 8e296a067a37563370ded05f5a3bf3ec
+ (0,26)  |  26 | 4e732ced3463d06de0ca9a15b6153677
+ (0,27)  |  27 | 02e74f10e0327ad868d138f2b4fdd6f0
+ (0,28)  |  28 | 33e75ff09dd601bbe69f351039152189
+ (0,29)  |  29 | 6ea9ab1baa0efb9e19094440c317e21b
+ (0,30)  |  30 | 34173cb38f07f89ddbebc2ac9128303f
+ (0,31)  |  31 | c16a5320fa475530d9583c34fd356ef5
+ (0,32)  |  32 | 6364d3f0f495b6ab9dcf8d3b5c6e0b01
+ (0,33)  |  33 | 182be0c5cdcd5072bb1864cdee4d3d6e
+ (0,34)  |  34 | e369853df766fa44e1ed0ff613f563bd
+ (0,35)  |  35 | 1c383cd30b7c298ab50293adfecb7b18
+ (0,36)  |  36 | 19ca14e7ea6328a42e0eb13d585e4c22
+ (0,37)  |  37 | a5bfc9e07964f8dddeb95fc584cd965d
+ (0,38)  |  38 | a5771bce93e200c36f7cd9dfd0e5deaa
+ (0,39)  |  39 | d67d8ab4f4c10bf22aa353e27879133c
+ (0,40)  |  40 | d645920e395fedad7bbbed0eca3fe2e0
+ (0,41)  |  41 | 3416a75f4cea9109507cacd8e2f2aefc
+ (0,42)  |  42 | a1d0c6e83f027327d8461063f4ac58a6
+ (0,43)  |  43 | 17e62166fc8586dfa4d1bc0e1742c08b
+ (0,44)  |  44 | f7177163c833dff4b38fc8d2872f1ec6
+ (0,45)  |  45 | 6c8349cc7260ae62e3b1396831a8398f
+ (0,46)  |  46 | d9d4f495e875a2e075a1a4a6e1b9770f
+ (0,47)  |  47 | 67c6a1e7ce56d3d6fa748ab6d9af3fd7
+ (0,48)  |  48 | 642e92efb79421734881b53e1e1b18b6
+ (0,49)  |  49 | f457c545a9ded88f18ecee47145a72c0
+ (0,50)  |  50 | c0c7c76d30bd3dcaefc96f40275bdc0a
+ (0,51)  |  51 | 2838023a778dfaecdc212708f721b788
+ (0,52)  |  52 | 9a1158154dfa42caddbd0694a4e9bdc8
+ (0,53)  |  53 | d82c8d1619ad8176d665453cfb2e55f0
+ (0,54)  |  54 | a684eceee76fc522773286a895bc8436
+ (0,55)  |  55 | b53b3a3d6ab90ce0268229151c9bde11
+ (0,56)  |  56 | 9f61408e3afb633e50cdf1b20de6f466
+ (0,57)  |  57 | 72b32a1f754ba1c09b3695e0cb6cde7f
+ (0,58)  |  58 | 66f041e16a60928b05a7e228a89c3799
+ (0,59)  |  59 | 093f65e080a295f8076b1c5722a46aa2
+ (0,60)  |  60 | 072b030ba126b2f4b2374f342be9ed44
+ (0,61)  |  61 | 7f39f8317fbdb1988ef4c628eba02591
+ (0,62)  |  62 | 44f683a84163b3523afe57c2e008bc8c
+ (0,63)  |  63 | 03afdbd66e7929b125f8597834fa83a4
+ (0,64)  |  64 | ea5d2f1c4608232e07d3aa3d998e5135
+ (0,65)  |  65 | fc490ca45c00b1249bbe3554a4fdf6fb
+ (0,66)  |  66 | 3295c76acbf4caaed33c36b1b5fc2cb1
+ (0,67)  |  67 | 735b90b4568125ed6c3f678819b6e058
+ (0,68)  |  68 | a3f390d88e4c41f2747bfa2f1b5f87db
+ (0,69)  |  69 | 14bfa6bb14875e45bba028a21ed38046
+ (0,70)  |  70 | 7cbbc409ec990f19c78c75bd1e06f215
+ (0,71)  |  71 | e2c420d928d4bf8ce0ff2ec19b371514
+ (0,72)  |  72 | 32bb90e8976aab5298d5da10fe66f21d
+ (0,73)  |  73 | d2ddea18f00665ce8623e36bd4e3c7c5
+ (0,74)  |  74 | ad61ab143223efbc24c7d2583be69251
+ (0,75)  |  75 | d09bf41544a3365a46c9077ebb5e35c3
+ (0,76)  |  76 | fbd7939d674997cdb4692d34de8633c4
+ (0,77)  |  77 | 28dd2c7955ce926456240b2ff0100bde
+ (0,78)  |  78 | 35f4a8d465e6e1edc05f3d8ab658c551
+ (0,79)  |  79 | d1fe173d08e959397adf34b1d77e88d7
+ (0,80)  |  80 | f033ab37c30201f73f142449d037028d
+ (0,81)  |  81 | 43ec517d68b6edd3015b3edc9a11367b
+ (0,82)  |  82 | 9778d5d219c5080b9a6a17bef029331c
+ (0,83)  |  83 | fe9fc289c3ff0af142b6d3bead98a923
+ (0,84)  |  84 | 68d30a9594728bc39aa24be94b319d21
+ (0,85)  |  85 | 3ef815416f775098fe977004015c6193
+ (0,86)  |  86 | 93db85ed909c13838ff95ccfa94cebd9
+ (0,87)  |  87 | c7e1249ffc03eb9ded908c236bd1996d
+ (0,88)  |  88 | 2a38a4a9316c49e5a833517c45d31070
+ (0,89)  |  89 | 7647966b7343c29048673252e490f736
+ (0,90)  |  90 | 8613985ec49eb8f757ae6439e879bb2a
+ (0,91)  |  91 | 54229abfcfa5649e7003b83dd4755294
+ (0,92)  |  92 | 92cc227532d17e56e07902b254dfad10
+ (0,93)  |  93 | 98dce83da57b0395e163467c9dae521b
+ (0,94)  |  94 | f4b9ec30ad9f68f89b29639786cb62ef
+ (0,95)  |  95 | 812b4ba287f5ee0bc9d43bbf5bbe87fb
+ (0,96)  |  96 | 26657d5ff9020d2abefe558796b99584
+ (0,97)  |  97 | e2ef524fbf3d9fe611d5a8e90fefdc9c
+ (0,98)  |  98 | ed3d2c21991e3bef5e069713af9fa6ca
+ (0,99)  |  99 | ac627ab1ccbdb62ec96e702f07f6425b
+ (0,100) | 100 | f899139df5e1059396431415e770c6dd
+ (0,101) | 101 | 38b3eff8baf56627478ec76a704e9b52
+ (0,102) | 102 | ec8956637a99787bd197eacd77acce5e
+ (0,103) | 103 | 6974ce5ac660610b44d9b9fed0ff9548
+ (0,104) | 104 | c9e1074f5b3f9fc8ea15d152add07294
+ (0,105) | 105 | 65b9eea6e1cc6bb9f0cd2a47751a186f
+ (0,106) | 106 | f0935e4cd5920aa6c7c996a5ee53a70f
+ (0,107) | 107 | a97da629b098b75c294dffdc3e463904
+ (0,108) | 108 | a3c65c2974270fd093ee8a9bf8ae7d0b
+ (0,109) | 109 | 2723d092b63885e0d7c260cc007e8b9d
+ (0,110) | 110 | 5f93f983524def3dca464469d2cf9f3e
+ (0,111) | 111 | 698d51a19d8a121ce581499d7b701668
+ (0,112) | 112 | 7f6ffaa6bb0b408017b62254211691b5
+ (0,113) | 113 | 73278a4a86960eeb576a8fd4c9ec6997
+ (0,114) | 114 | 5fd0b37cd7dbbb00f97ba6ce92bf5add
+ (0,115) | 115 | 2b44928ae11fb9384c4cf38708677c48
+ (0,116) | 116 | c45147dee729311ef5b5c3003946c48f
+ (0,117) | 117 | eb160de1de89d9058fcb0b968dbbbd68
+ (0,118) | 118 | 5ef059938ba799aaa845e1c2e8a762bd
+ (0,119) | 119 | 07e1cd7dca89a1678042477183b7ac3f
+ (0,120) | 120 | da4fb5c6e93e74d3df8527599fa62642
+ (1,1)   | 121 | 4c56ff4ce4aaf9573aa5dff913df997a
+ (1,2)   | 122 | a0a080f42e6f13b3a2df133f073095dd
+ (1,3)   | 123 | 202cb962ac59075b964b07152d234b70
+ (1,4)   | 124 | c8ffe9a587b126f152ed3d89a146b445
+ (1,5)   | 125 | 3def184ad8f4755ff269862ea77393dd
+ (1,6)   | 126 | 069059b7ef840f0c74a814ec9237b6ec
+ (1,7)   | 127 | ec5decca5ed3d6b8079e2e7e7bacc9f2
+ (1,8)   | 128 | 76dc611d6ebaafc66cc0879c71b5db5c
+ (1,9)   | 129 | d1f491a404d6854880943e5c3cd9ca25
+ (1,10)  | 130 | 9b8619251a19057cff70779273e95aa6
+ (1,11)  | 131 | 1afa34a7f984eeabdbb0a7d494132ee5
+ (1,12)  | 132 | 65ded5353c5ee48d0b7d48c591b8f430
+ (1,13)  | 133 | 9fc3d7152ba9336a670e36d0ed79bc43
+ (1,14)  | 134 | 02522a2b2726fb0a03bb19f2d8d9524d
+ (1,15)  | 135 | 7f1de29e6da19d22b51c68001e7e0e54
+ (1,16)  | 136 | 42a0e188f5033bc65bf8d78622277c4e
+ (1,17)  | 137 | 3988c7f88ebcb58c6ce932b957b6f332
+ (1,18)  | 138 | 013d407166ec4fa56eb1e1f8cbe183b9
+ (1,19)  | 139 | e00da03b685a0dd18fb6a08af0923de0
+(139 rows)
+
+SELECT ctid,* FROM t1 WHERE ctid > '(4,0)'::tid;
+ ctid | a | b 
+------+---+---
+(0 rows)
+
+SELECT ctid,* FROM t1 WHERE ctid BETWEEN '(2,115)'::tid AND '(3,10)'::tid;
+  ctid   |  a  |                b                 
+---------+-----+----------------------------------
+ (2,115) | 355 | 82cec96096d4281b7c95cd7e74623496
+ (2,116) | 356 | 6c524f9d5d7027454a783c841250ba71
+ (2,117) | 357 | fb7b9ffa5462084c5f4e7e85a093e6d7
+ (2,118) | 358 | aa942ab2bfa6ebda4840e7360ce6e7ef
+ (2,119) | 359 | c058f544c737782deacefa532d9add4c
+ (2,120) | 360 | e7b24b112a44fdd9ee93bdf998c6ca0e
+ (3,1)   | 361 | 52720e003547c70561bf5e03b95aa99f
+ (3,2)   | 362 | c3e878e27f52e2a57ace4d9a76fd9acf
+ (3,3)   | 363 | 00411460f7c92d2124a67ea0f4cb5f85
+ (3,4)   | 364 | bac9162b47c56fc8a4d2a519803d51b3
+ (3,5)   | 365 | 9be40cee5b0eee1462c82c6964087ff9
+ (3,6)   | 366 | 5ef698cd9fe650923ea331c15af3b160
+ (3,7)   | 367 | 05049e90fa4f5039a8cadc6acbb4b2cc
+ (3,8)   | 368 | cf004fdc76fa1a4f25f62e0eb5261ca3
+ (3,9)   | 369 | 0c74b7f78409a4022a2c4c5a5ca3ee19
+ (3,10)  | 370 | d709f38ef758b5066ef31b18039b8ce5
+(16 rows)
+
+SELECT t1.ctid,* FROM t1 JOIN t2 ON t1.ctid = t2.ctid WHERE t1.ctid < '(2,10)'::tid AND t2.ctid > '(1,75)'::tid;
+  ctid  |  a  |                b                 |  x  |                                y                                 
+--------+-----+----------------------------------+-----+------------------------------------------------------------------
+ (1,76) | 196 | 084b6fbb10729ed4da8c3d3f5a3ae7c9 | 157 | 6c4b761a28b734fe93831e3fb400ce876c4b761a28b734fe93831e3fb400ce87
+ (1,77) | 197 | 85d8ce590ad8981ca2c8286f79f59954 | 158 | 06409663226af2f3114485aa4e0a23b406409663226af2f3114485aa4e0a23b4
+ (1,78) | 198 | 0e65972dce68dad4d52d063967f0a705 | 159 | 140f6969d5213fd0ece03148e62e461e140f6969d5213fd0ece03148e62e461e
+ (1,79) | 199 | 84d9ee44e457ddef7f2c4f25dc8fa865 | 160 | b73ce398c39f506af761d2277d853a92b73ce398c39f506af761d2277d853a92
+ (1,80) | 200 | 3644a684f98ea8fe223c713b77189a77 | 161 | bd4c9ab730f5513206b999ec0d90d1fbbd4c9ab730f5513206b999ec0d90d1fb
+ (1,81) | 201 | 757b505cfd34c64c85ca5b5690ee5293 | 162 | 82aa4b0af34c2313a562076992e50aa382aa4b0af34c2313a562076992e50aa3
+ (2,1)  | 241 | f340f1b1f65b6df5b5e3f94d95b11daf | 163 | 0777d5c17d4066b82ab86dff8a46af6f0777d5c17d4066b82ab86dff8a46af6f
+ (2,2)  | 242 | e4a6222cdb5b34375400904f03d8e6a5 | 164 | fa7cdfad1a5aaf8370ebeda47a1ff1c3fa7cdfad1a5aaf8370ebeda47a1ff1c3
+ (2,3)  | 243 | cb70ab375662576bd1ac5aaf16b3fca4 | 165 | 9766527f2b5d3e95d4a733fcfb77bd7e9766527f2b5d3e95d4a733fcfb77bd7e
+ (2,4)  | 244 | 9188905e74c28e489b44e954ec0b9bca | 166 | 7e7757b1e12abcb736ab9a754ffb617a7e7757b1e12abcb736ab9a754ffb617a
+ (2,5)  | 245 | 0266e33d3f546cb5436a10798e657d97 | 167 | 5878a7ab84fb43402106c575658472fa5878a7ab84fb43402106c575658472fa
+ (2,6)  | 246 | 38db3aed920cf82ab059bfccbd02be6a | 168 | 006f52e9102a8d3be2fe5614f42ba989006f52e9102a8d3be2fe5614f42ba989
+ (2,7)  | 247 | 3cec07e9ba5f5bb252d13f5f431e4bbb | 169 | 3636638817772e42b59d74cff571fbb33636638817772e42b59d74cff571fbb3
+ (2,8)  | 248 | 621bf66ddb7c962aa0d22ac97d69b793 | 170 | 149e9677a5989fd342ae44213df68868149e9677a5989fd342ae44213df68868
+ (2,9)  | 249 | 077e29b11be80ab57e1a2ecabb7da330 | 171 | a4a042cf4fd6bfb47701cbc8a1653adaa4a042cf4fd6bfb47701cbc8a1653ada
+(15 rows)
+
+-- Test creanup
+DROP SCHEMA regtest_custom_scan CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to 2 other objects
+DETAIL:  drop cascades to table t1
+drop cascades to table t2
diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule
index 5758b07..bd6fc3f 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule
+++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ ignore: random
 # ----------
 # Another group of parallel tests
 # ----------
-test: select_into select_distinct select_distinct_on select_implicit select_having subselect union case join aggregates transactions random portals arrays btree_index hash_index update namespace prepared_xacts delete
+test: select_into select_distinct select_distinct_on select_implicit select_having subselect union case join aggregates transactions random portals arrays btree_index hash_index update namespace prepared_xacts delete custom_scan
 
 # ----------
 # Another group of parallel tests
diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule
index 78348f5..0e191a2 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule
+++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ test: btree_index
 test: hash_index
 test: update
 test: delete
+test: custom_scan
 test: namespace
 test: prepared_xacts
 test: privileges