0001-seg-Fix-seg_out-to-preserve-the-upper-boundary-s-cer.patch

From 4e401b76c7c0f3f902b7a05d8bfaab8ffa700b0c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ewan Young <kdbase.hack@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 2026 22:32:09 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] seg: Fix seg_out() to preserve the upper boundary's certainty
 indicator

When printing the upper boundary of a seg interval, seg_out() decided
whether to emit the certainty indicator ('<', '>' or '~') by testing the
upper indicator (u_ext) for '<' and '>', but mistakenly tested the lower
indicator (l_ext) for '~'.  This is a copy-and-paste slip from the
symmetric code that prints the lower boundary a few lines above.

The consequences for valid input were:

  * A '~' on the upper boundary was dropped on output, e.g.
    '1.5 .. ~2.5'::seg printed as '1.5 .. 2.5'.

  * When the lower boundary carried '~' but the upper boundary had no
    indicator, the wrong test matched and sprintf(p, "%c", seg->u_ext)
    wrote a NUL byte (u_ext == '\0'), which truncated the result string
    and silently lost the entire upper boundary, e.g.
    '~6.5 .. 8.5'::seg printed as '~6.5 .. '.

Certainty indicators are documented to be preserved on output (they are
ignored by the operators, but kept as comments), so this broke the
input/output round-trip for the affected values.

The bug has existed since seg was added.  It went unnoticed because the
existing regression tests only exercised certainty indicators on
single-point segs, which are printed by a different branch of seg_out().
Add tests that place indicators on both boundaries of an interval.
---
 contrib/seg/expected/seg.out | 45 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/seg/seg.c            |  2 +-
 contrib/seg/sql/seg.sql      | 11 +++++++++
 3 files changed, 57 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/contrib/seg/expected/seg.out b/contrib/seg/expected/seg.out
index cd21139b5a7..dd30156dfe8 100644
--- a/contrib/seg/expected/seg.out
+++ b/contrib/seg/expected/seg.out
@@ -300,6 +300,51 @@ SELECT '> 6.5'::seg AS seg;
  >6.5
 (1 row)
 
+-- Certainty indicators on interval boundaries must be preserved on output.
+-- (They are ignored by operators, but are kept as comments; in particular the
+-- indicator on the upper boundary must round-trip.)
+SELECT '~1.5 .. 2.5'::seg AS seg;
+     seg     
+-------------
+ ~1.5 .. 2.5
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT '1.5 .. ~2.5'::seg AS seg;
+     seg     
+-------------
+ 1.5 .. ~2.5
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT '~1.5 .. ~2.5'::seg AS seg;
+     seg      
+--------------
+ ~1.5 .. ~2.5
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT '<1.5 .. 2.5'::seg AS seg;
+     seg     
+-------------
+ <1.5 .. 2.5
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT '1.5 .. <2.5'::seg AS seg;
+     seg     
+-------------
+ 1.5 .. <2.5
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT '>1.5 .. 2.5'::seg AS seg;
+     seg     
+-------------
+ >1.5 .. 2.5
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT '1.5 .. >2.5'::seg AS seg;
+     seg     
+-------------
+ 1.5 .. >2.5
+(1 row)
+
 -- Open intervals
 SELECT '0..'::seg AS seg;
  seg  
diff --git a/contrib/seg/seg.c b/contrib/seg/seg.c
index fcded0245aa..c7b374825f8 100644
--- a/contrib/seg/seg.c
+++ b/contrib/seg/seg.c
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ seg_out(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		{
 			/* print the upper boundary if exists */
 			p += sprintf(p, " ");
-			if (seg->u_ext == '>' || seg->u_ext == '<' || seg->l_ext == '~')
+			if (seg->u_ext == '>' || seg->u_ext == '<' || seg->u_ext == '~')
 				p += sprintf(p, "%c", seg->u_ext);
 			p += restore(p, seg->upper, seg->u_sigd);
 		}
diff --git a/contrib/seg/sql/seg.sql b/contrib/seg/sql/seg.sql
index c30f1f6bef1..4fe1bb6d851 100644
--- a/contrib/seg/sql/seg.sql
+++ b/contrib/seg/sql/seg.sql
@@ -71,6 +71,17 @@ SELECT '~ 6.5'::seg AS seg;
 SELECT '< 6.5'::seg AS seg;
 SELECT '> 6.5'::seg AS seg;
 
+-- Certainty indicators on interval boundaries must be preserved on output.
+-- (They are ignored by operators, but are kept as comments; in particular the
+-- indicator on the upper boundary must round-trip.)
+SELECT '~1.5 .. 2.5'::seg AS seg;
+SELECT '1.5 .. ~2.5'::seg AS seg;
+SELECT '~1.5 .. ~2.5'::seg AS seg;
+SELECT '<1.5 .. 2.5'::seg AS seg;
+SELECT '1.5 .. <2.5'::seg AS seg;
+SELECT '>1.5 .. 2.5'::seg AS seg;
+SELECT '1.5 .. >2.5'::seg AS seg;
+
 -- Open intervals
 SELECT '0..'::seg AS seg;
 SELECT '0...'::seg AS seg;
-- 
2.47.3